Brief Interventions in Primary Care: an Evidence Overview of Practitioner and Digital Intervention Programmes.
Brief Interventions in Primary Care: an Evidence Overview of Practitioner and Digital Intervention Programmes.
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DOI：
10.1007/s40429-018-0198-7
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Kaner E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beyer F;Lynch E;Kaner E
过度饮酒是一个严重的公共卫生问题，对人口的所有部分都有不利影响。以前的系统审查和荟萃分析报告称，初级保健中提供的简短干预措施在减少酒精消费方面是有效的，尽管影响程度很小，随着时间的推移有所下降。这篇综述总结了基于从业者和以数字方式提供的简短干预的最新证据基础。使用Cochrane方法，确定了69项初级保健简短干预试验(33,642名参与者)和57项数字干预试验(34,390名参与者)。Meta分析显示，与对照组相比，这两种方法都显著降低了消耗。五项试验(390名参与者)直接比较了从业者提供的干预措施和数字干预措施，但没有证据表明随访结果存在差异。短暂的干预措施有可能在个人和人口两个层面产生影响。未来的研究应该集中在优化成分和传递机制，以及与酒精相关的危害上。数字干预可能会克服实践者提供的干预所面临的一些实施障碍。
Excessive drinking is a major public health problem that adversely affects all parts of the population. Previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported that brief interventions delivered in primary care are effective at reducing alcohol consumption, albeit with small effect sizes that have decreased over time. This review summarises the updated evidence base on practitioner and digitally delivered brief interventions. Using Cochrane methodology, 69 primary care brief intervention trials (33,642 participants) and 57 digital intervention trials (34,390 participants) were identified. Meta-analyses showed both approaches significantly reduced consumption compared to controls. Five trials (390 participants) compared practitioner-delivered and digital interventions directly with no evidence of difference in outcomes at follow-up. Brief interventions have the potential to impact at both individual and population levels. Future research should focus on optimising components and delivery mechanisms, and on alcohol-related harms. Digital interventions may overcome some of the implementation barriers faced by practitioner-delivered interventions.