Low-temperature thermodynamics with quantum coherence.
Low-temperature thermodynamics with quantum coherence.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms8689
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发表时间：
2015-07-03
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Gour G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Narasimhachar V;Gour G
热操作是非平衡态量子热力学的操作模型。在能级之间缺乏相干性的情况下，在热操作下的精确状态转变条件在称为热优化的数学关系方面是已知的。但是，即使在包含所有吉布斯状态保持量子通道的相对易处理的模型下，纳入相干性也是一个挑战。在这里，我们找到了一个数学概括的热操作在低温下，“冷却地图”，我们得出的必要和充分的状态转换条件。冷却地图，饱和最近发现的相干转移的界限是可实现的热操作，促使我们推测，所有的冷却地图是热操作。冷却地图，虽然不太保守的热操作的概括，是更易于处理的吉布斯保存操作，这表明在一般温度下的冷却地图样的模型可以用于获得有关热操作的洞察力。 热操作，一个模型的热力学过程的小量子系统的平衡，是很好地理解缺乏相干。在这里，作者介绍了冷却过程，推广的热操作，并找到必要和充分条件的相干态通过冷却过程的转变。
Thermal operations are an operational model of non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics. In the absence of coherence between energy levels, exact state transition conditions under thermal operations are known in terms of a mathematical relation called thermo-majorization. But incorporating coherence has turned out to be challenging, even under the relatively tractable model wherein all Gibbs state-preserving quantum channels are included. Here we find a mathematical generalization of thermal operations at low temperatures, ‘cooling maps', for which we derive the necessary and sufficient state transition condition. Cooling maps that saturate recently discovered bounds on coherence transfer are realizable as thermal operations, motivating us to conjecture that all cooling maps are thermal operations. Cooling maps, though a less-conservative generalization to thermal operations, are more tractable than Gibbs-preserving operations, suggesting that cooling map-like models at general temperatures could be of use in gaining insight about thermal operations. Thermal operations, a model of thermodynamic processes for small quantum systems out of equilibrium, are well-understood in absence of coherence. Here the authors introduce cooling processes, a generalization of thermal operations and find necessary and sufficient conditions for coherent state transitions via cooling processes.