Hidden diversity for abiotic and biotic stress tolerances in the primary gene pool of rice revealed by a large backcross breeding program
Hidden diversity for abiotic and biotic stress tolerances in the primary gene pool of rice revealed by a large backcross breeding program
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2005.08.016
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发表时间：
2006-05-05
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Li, ZK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ali, AJ;Xu, JL;Li, ZK
亚洲许多地区的水稻产量低且不稳定，与许多非生物和生物胁迫有关，如干旱、盐碱、发芽期间的厌氧条件、淹水、磷和锌缺乏等。为了开发对这些胁迫具有耐受性的水稻品种，我们在过去6年中进行了大规模的回交（BC）育种工作，使用了3个轮回的优良水稻品系和203个不同的供体，它们代表了水稻初级基因库中遗传多样性的重要部分。BC育种计划已经取得了重大进展，这导致了大量的渐渗系的发展，提高了对这些压力的耐受性。已经开发出具有优异的耐盐性（极端表型）、耐淹性和耐锌性的有前途的品系;对褐飞虱的抗性，在厌氧条件和低温下发芽的能力。研究结果表明，在水稻的原始基因库中，存在着大量的非生物和生物胁迫耐性的“隐藏”多样性。此外，我们证明，尽管非生物胁迫耐受性的基础是复杂的遗传学和不同的生理机制，从不同来源的供体基因渗入到精英遗传背景，通过BC育种和有效的选择（在严重胁迫下仔细筛选）是一个强大的方式来利用这种隐藏的多样性，以提高非生物胁迫耐受性的水稻。我们已经开发了三个大的渐渗系，这不仅提供了一个独特的育种材料的平台，用于开发新的水稻品种，具有上级产量和稳定性的性状/基因嵌合，但也代表了独特的遗传股票的大规模发现的基因/等位基因的非生物和生物胁迫耐受性的水稻使用基因组工具。(c)2005 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
Low and unstable rice productivity in many areas of Asia is associated with many abiotic and biotic stresses such as drought, salinity, anaerobic conditions during germination, submergence, phosphorus and zinc deficiency, etc. To develop rice varieties with tolerance to these stresses, we undertook a large backcross (BC) breeding effort for the last 6 years, using three recurrent elite rice lines and 203 diverse donors, which represent a significant portion of the genetic diversity in the primary gene pool of rice. Significant progress has been made in the BC breeding program, which resulted in development of large numbers of introgression lines with improved tolerance to these stresses. Promising lines have been developed with excellent tolerances (extreme phenotypes) to salinity, submergence and zinc deficiency; resistance to brown plant hopper, ability to germinate under the anaerobic condition and low temperature. Our results indicated that there exist tremendous amounts of 'hidden' diversity for abiotic and biotic stress tolerances in the primary gene pool of rice. Furthermore, we demonstrated that despite the complex genetics and diverse physiological mechanisms underlying the abiotic stress tolerances, introgression of genes from a diverse source of donors into elite genetic backgrounds through BC breeding and efficient selection (careful screening under severe stress) is a powerful way to exploit this hidden diversity for improving abiotic stress tolerances of rice. We have developed three large sets of introgression lines, which not only provide an unique platform of breeding materials for developing new rice cultivars with superior yield and stability by trait/gene pyramiding, but also represent unique genetic stocks for a large-scale discovery of genes/alleles underlying the abiotic and biotic stress tolerances of rice using genomic tools. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.