Invasive Temperate Species are a Threat to Tropical Island Biodiversity
Invasive Temperate Species are a Threat to Tropical Island Biodiversity
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温带入侵物种对热带岛屿生物多样性构成威胁
DOI：
10.1111/j.1744-7429.2010.00629.x
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
R. Cowie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. M. Meyer;R. Cowie
为了保护热带岛屿上剩余的生物多样性，预测非本土物种的海拔范围很重要。我们通过研究夏威夷岛东部(迎风)一侧的陆生蜗牛动物群来评估两种假设：(1)物种所在地区的纬度可以用来预测其潜在的海拔范围；(2)非本土温带物种在其本土范围内经历更大的气候波动，比起非本土热带物种，更有可能在更高的海拔和更大的海拔范围内定居。热带外来种分布在≤500 m之间呈斑块状分布，海拔范围小，温带引种种类分布范围广，在海拔500~2000 m之间形成明显的区系分布，大多数本土钉螺种类和生态系统分布在以温带外来钉螺和鼻涕类为主的地区。因此，了解非本土物种的本土纬度区域对于保护热带岛屿生态系统很重要，因为如果引入这些物种，它可以转化为潜在的海拔范围。由于温带物种将在热带地区生存，特别是在高海拔地区，在许多热带岛屿上，温带物种是本土物种的最后避难所，防止温带物种的引入应该是保护的优先事项。
To protect the remaining biodiversity on tropical islands it is important to predict the elevational ranges of non‐native species. We evaluated two hypotheses by examining land snail faunas on the eastern (windward) side of the island of Hawaii: (1) the latitude of a species' native region can be used to predict its potential elevational range and (2) non‐native temperate species, which experience greater climatic fluctuations in their native range, are more likely to become established at higher elevations and to extend over larger elevational ranges than non‐native tropical species. All non‐native tropical species were distributed patchily among sites ≤500 m and occupied small elevational ranges, whereas species introduced from temperate regions occupied wide elevational ranges and formed a distinct fauna spanning elevations 500–2000 m. Most native land snail species and ecosystems occur >500 m in areas dominated by temperate non‐native snail and slug species. Therefore, knowing the native latitudinal region of a non‐native species is important for conservation of tropical island ecosystems because it can be translated into potential elevational range if those species are introduced. Because temperate species will survive in tropical locales particularly at high elevation, on many tropical islands the last refuges of the native species, preventing introduction of temperate species should be a conservation priority.