Escaping from hunger before WW1: the nutritional transition and living standards in Western Europe and USA in the late nineteenth century

Escaping from hunger before WW1: the nutritional transition and living standards in Western Europe and USA in the late nineteenth century
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一战前摆脱饥饿:十九世纪末西欧和美国的营养转变和生活水平

DOI:
10.1007/s11698-022-00259-4
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
1.6
通讯作者:
Gazeley I
Gazeley I
中科院分区:
人文科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gazeley I

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利用美国劳工委员会的家庭调查,我们估计了1888/90年美国、比利时、英国、法国和德国工人家庭的卡路里摄入量。我们对数据进行了原始比较,并利用倾向得分匹配技术,试图克服原始调查中包含的国家样本性质之间的差异。我们发现,美国家庭人均每日摄入的热量比法国和德国家庭多500卡路里,比利时和英国家庭更接近美国。一旦考虑到国家子样本之间可能存在的身材差异,我们就会问美国工人是否有更多的精力工作,并得出结论,这是一个小小的优势。最后,我们问经济移民是否会导致更高的孩子。我们发现,在多生一个孩子的情况下,美国的英国家庭比英国家庭能够提供更多的卡路里,因此,在其他条件相同的情况下,他们的孩子会长得更高。
Using the US Commissioner of Labor household survey, we estimate calories available to workers’ households in USA, Belgium, Britain, France and Germany in 1888/90. We make raw comparisons of the data and utilise propensity score matching techniques to attempt to overcome differences between the nature of the country samples included in the original survey. We find that US households had on average 500 daily calories per capita more than French and Germans households, with the Belgians and British households closer to the USA. We ask if US workers had more energy for work, once likely differences in stature between national sub-samples are taken into account, and conclude it was a minor advantage. Finally, we ask if economic migration leads to taller children. We find that US-based British households were able to provide more calories than those in Britain in response to an additional child, so that, other things being equal, their children would grow taller.
富人和穷人的相对生活成本,1688 年至 1914 年
DOI: 10.1007/s11698-019-00197-8
发表时间: 2019
期刊: Cliometrica
影响因子: 1.6
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