Optimised spatial planning to meet long term urban sustainability objectives
Optimised spatial planning to meet long term urban sustainability objectives
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DOI：
10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2015.08.003
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发表时间：
2015-11-01
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Dawson, R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Caparros-Midwood, D.;Barr, S.;Dawson, R.
城市化、环境风险和资源稀缺只是城市要变得更具可持续性必须解决的诸多挑战中的三个。然而，为实现个体可持续发展目标而实施的政策和空间发展战略经常相互作用和冲突，给决策者带来了多目标空间优化问题。这项工作提出了一个发达的空间优化框架，根据几个可持续性目标优化未来住宅开发的位置。该框架应用于英国东北部米德尔斯堡的一个案例研究。在此背景下，该框架优化了我们案例研究现场的五个可持续发展目标：(i)最大限度地减少热浪的风险；（ii）最大限度地减少洪水事件的风险；（iii）最大限度地降低出行成本以减少交通排放；（iv）最大限度地减少城市蔓延的扩张；(v)防止绿色空间的开发。提出了一系列未来发展战略的优化空间配置。结果比较了针对单个、成对和多个可持续发展目标的最优策略，这样每个最优策略在至少一个可持续发展目标上优于所有其他发展策略。此外，由此产生的空间策略在所有目标上都明显优于当前的地方当局策略，例如，到CBD的距离的性能相对改善高达68%。基于这些结果，空间优化可以提供一个强大的决策支持工具，帮助规划者确定满足多个可持续性目标的空间发展战略。(C) 2015年作者。Elsevier Ltd.出版。
Urbanisation, environmental risks and resource scarcity are but three of many challenges that cities must address if they are to become more sustainable. However, the policies and spatial development strategies implemented to achieve individual sustainability objectives frequently interact and conflict presenting decision-makers a multi-objective spatial optimisation problem. This work presents a developed spatial optimisation framework which optimises the location of future residential development against several sustainability objectives. The framework is applied to a case study over Middlesbrough in the North East of the United Kingdom. In this context, the framework optimises five sustainability objectives from our case study site: (i) minimising risk from heat waves, (ii) minimising the risk from flood events, (iii) minimising travel costs to minimise transport emissions, (iv) minimising the expansion of urban sprawl and (v) preventing development on green-spaces. A series of optimised spatial configurations of future development strategies are presented. The results compare strategies that are optimal against individual, pairs and multiple sustainability objectives, such that each of these optimal strategies out-performs all other development strategies in at least one sustainability objective. Moreover, the resulting spatial strategies significantly outperform the current local authority strategy for all objectives with, for example, a relative improvement of up to 68% in the performance of distance to CBD. Based on these results, it suggests that spatial optimisation can provide a powerful derision support tool to help planners to identify spatial development strategies that satisfy multiple sustainability objectives. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.