Increasing prevalence of hypospadias in Western Australia, 1980-2000
Increasing prevalence of hypospadias in Western Australia, 1980-2000
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DOI：
10.1136/adc.2006.112862
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Barker, Andrew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nassar, Natasha;Bower, Carol;Barker, Andrew
目的：尿道下裂是一种常见的出生缺陷，在过去的30年里，各国的报告率和时间趋势存在广泛的差异。本研究的目的是确定澳大利亚人口尿道下裂的患病率和趋势。设计：以人口为基础的研究，所有出生在西澳大利亚州（WA）1980年和2000年之间诊断为尿道下裂的男婴，并通知WA出生缺陷登记处。主要结果措施：尿道下裂的患病率、出生结果以及与其他先天性畸形的关系，按严重程度分层。1980-2000年在西澳登记了1788例尿道下裂，总患病率为34.8例/10000例（95%置信区间（CI）：33.2 - 36.4）。患病率从1980年的27.9/10000例新生儿增加到2000年的43.2/10000例新生儿，每年增加2.0%（95%CI：1.2%至2.8%）（p < 0.001）。84%的病例尿道下裂为轻度，11%为中重度，5%为不明，随着时间的推移，中重度尿道下裂的数量几乎翻了一番（p < 0.01）。有1465例（82%）孤立性尿道下裂和323例（18%）共存的异常。与共存的生殖器（相对危险度（RR）4.5; 95%CI：3.3至6.1）或非生殖器（RR 1.5; 95%CI：1.0至2.2）异常的婴儿更有可能有中度至重度尿道下裂相比，孤立cases.Conclusion：尿道下裂的影响之一，在231出生，并已被报道在过去的20年中显着增加。尿道下裂病因学的进一步研究对于确定潜在的可改变的危险因素和确保未来最佳的男性生殖健康是很重要的。
Objectives: Hypospadias, a common birth defect, has shown widespread variation in reported rates and temporal trends across countries over the last 30 years. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and trends of hypospadias in an Australian population.Design: Population-based study of all male infants born in Western Australia (WA) between 1980 and 2000 diagnosed with hypospadias and notified to the WA Birth Defects Registry.Main outcome measures: Prevalence of hypospadias, birth outcome and association with other congenital anomalies, stratified by degree-of-severity.Results: 1788 cases of hypospadias were registered in WA in 1980-2000 with an overall prevalence of 34.8 (95% confidence interval (CI): 33.2 to 36.4) cases per 10000 births. The prevalence increased by 2.0% per annum (95% CI: 1.2% to 2.8%) from 27.9 in 1980 to 43.2 per 10000 births in 2000 ( p < 0.001). Hypospadias was mild in 84% of cases, moderate-severe in 11% and unspecified in 5%, with the number of moderate-severe hypospadias almost doubling over time ( p < 0.01). There were 1465 ( 82%) cases of isolated hypospadias and 323 (18%) had co-existing anomalies. Infants with co-existing genital (relative risk (RR) 4.5; 95% CI: 3.3 to 6.1) or non-genital (RR 1.5; 95% CI: 1.0 to 2.2) anomalies were more likely to have moderate-severe hypospadias compared with isolated cases.Conclusion: Hypospadias affects one in 231 births and has been reported to have increased significantly over the last 20 years. Future investigation of the aetiology of hypospadias is important to identify potentially modifiable risk factors and ensure optimal male reproductive health in the future.