Genetic variations alter production and behavioral responses following heat stress in 2 strains of laying hens
Genetic variations alter production and behavioral responses following heat stress in 2 strains of laying hens
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DOI：
10.3382/ps.2012-02589
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Cheng, H. W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mack, L. A.;Felver-Gant, J. N.;Cheng, H. W.
遗传差异会改变母鸡的反应类型和程度，以及它们适应压力的能力。本研究旨在探讨热应激条件下基因型变异对产蛋鸡生产性能和行为的影响。使用了两个品系的白色来航母鸡：DXL（Dekalb XL），一种单独选择用于产蛋的商业品系，和KGB（善良、温和的鸟），一种选择用于高群体生产力和存活力的品系。将90只28周龄的母鸡（48只DXL和42只KGB）随机分配到热处理组（H：平均值= 32.6 ℃）或对照组（C：平均值= 24.3 ℃），并按品系成对饲养9 d。测量了产蛋量和质量、行为、体重和器官重量以及循环激素浓度。热应激母鸡的产蛋量低于其各自的对照组[调整（adj）P < 0.001]。在H-DXL母鸡中，蛋重在第1天趋于减少，在第9天减少（adj P = 0.007），但在H-KGB母鸡中仅在第9天减少（adj P = 0.007）。蛋壳厚度也减少了H母鸡（adj P = 0.007），尤其是H-KGB母鸡（adj P = 0.01）。血浆三碘甲腺原氨酸浓度在H-母鸡中降低（adj P = 0.01），尤其是在H-DXL母鸡中（adj P = 0.01）。无论是温度还是应变影响血浆甲状腺素和血浆和蛋黄皮质酮浓度。热应激母鸡花更少的时间步行（adj P = 0.001）和更多的时间饮酒（adj P = 0.007）和休息（adj P = 0.001）比C-母鸡。结果表明，虽然HS减少生产，并引起行为的变化，母鸡从两个菌株，反应不同的基因型。这些数据提供的证据表明，遗传选择是一个有用的战略，减少HS反应产蛋鸡。这些结果为未来的研究提供了见解，以开发耐热菌株来改善母鸡的健康状况，特别是在当前的商业条件下。
Genetic differences alter the type and degree of hens' responses and their ability to adapt to a stressor. This study examined the effects of genotypic variations on the productivity and behavior of laying hens following heat stress (HS). Two strains of White Leghorn hens were used: DXL (Dekalb XL), a commercial strain individually selected for egg production and KGB (kind, gentle bird), a strain selected for high group productivity and survivability. Ninety hens (48 DXL and 42 KGB) at 28 wk of age were randomly assigned to either a hot (H: mean = 32.6 degrees C) or control (C: mean = 24.3 degrees C) treatment and housed in pairs by strain for 9 d. Egg production and quality, behavior, body and organ weights, and circulating hormone concentrations were measured. Heat-stressed hens had lower egg production [adjusted (adj) P < 0.001] than their respective controls. Among H-DXL hens, egg weight tended to be reduced at d 1 and was reduced at d 9 (adj P = 0.007), but was reduced only at d 9 among H-KGB hens (adj P = 0.007). Eggshell thickness was also reduced among H hens at d 9 (adj P = 0.007), especially among H-KGB hens (adj P = 0.01). Plasma triiodothyronine concentration was reduced among H-hens (adj P = 0.01), especially among H-DXL hens (adj P = 0.01). Neither temperature nor strain affected the plasma thyroxine and plasma and yolk corticosterone concentrations. Heat-stressed hens spent less time walking (adj P = 0.001) and more time drinking (adj P = 0.007) and resting (adj P = 0.001) than C-hens. The results indicate that although HS reduced production and caused behavioral changes among hens from both strains, the responses differed by genotype. The data provide evidence that genetic selection is a useful strategy for reducing HS response in laying hens. The results provide insights for conducting future studies to develop heat-resistant strains to improve hen well-being, especially under the current commercial conditions.