Dispersal behavior, boldness, and the link to invasiveness:: a comparison of four Gambusia species
Dispersal behavior, boldness, and the link to invasiveness:: a comparison of four Gambusia species
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DOI：
10.1023/b:binv.0000034618.93140.a5
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Sih, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rehage, JS;Sih, A
扩散是物种入侵的关键因素。尽管已有大量工作研究了扩散如何影响入侵生物的空间传播模式，但很少有研究调查入侵物种实际上是否比它们所取代的物种或不太成功的入侵者是更好的分散者。最近的研究表明，散布的差异可能是由于一种潜在的行为特征--大胆的差异造成的。我们的研究通过比较实验溪流中两个入侵物种和两个同类物种的扩散特性和避难所用途，检验了扩散、大胆和入侵之间的联系。这些溪流由一系列水池(不流动)组成，这些水池与流动的水道相连。对于每个物种，在中间的池子里释放一小群雌性动物，并记录它们在1小时内的活动和活动。我们发现，入侵的甘布斯虫比它们的近亲更有可能分散出引导池，分散得更快，在人工溪流中移动的距离更远，因此表现出更大的分散趋势。在入侵物种中，慈竹有较大的扩散趋势。我们怀疑这一结果表明扩散对这些物种相对侵入性的贡献存在差异。某些疏散措施与难民离开的时间有关，尽管侵袭性甘布西亚人及其亲属在预测的方式上没有不同。这些结果表明，在入侵物种的研究中，应更多地结合实验方法和行为机制分析。
Dispersal is a key element of a species' invasiveness. Although considerable work has addressed how dispersal influences the pattern of spatial spread of invading organisms, few studies investigate whether invasive species are in fact better dispersers than either the species they displace or less successful invaders. Recent work suggests that variation in dispersal may be due to variation in an underlying behavioral trait, boldness. Our study examined the link between dispersal, boldness, and invasiveness by comparing the dispersal characteristics and refuge use of two invasive Gambusia species to two congeners in experimental streams. The streams consisted of a series of pools (no flow) connected to a flowing channel. For each species, small groups of females were released at the middle pool, and their movement and activity were recorded over a 1-h period. We found invasive Gambusia to be more likely to disperse out of the introductory pool, to disperse sooner, to travel a greater distance in the artificial streams, and thus to exhibit greater dispersal tendencies than their close relatives. Among the invasives, Gambusia affinis had a greater dispersal tendency than G. holbrooki. We suspect this result indicates variation in the contribution of dispersal to the relative invasiveness of these species. Certain dispersal measures were correlated to time spent out of refugee although invasive Gambusia and their relatives did not differ in the predicted manner. These results argue for the greater incorporation of experimental approaches and analyses of behavioral mechanisms in the study of invasive species.