Halcyornis toliapicus (Aves: Lower Eocene, England) indicates advanced neuromorphology in Mesozoic Neornithes
Halcyornis toliapicus (Aves: Lower Eocene, England) indicates advanced neuromorphology in Mesozoic Neornithes
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Halcyornis toliapicus(鸟纲:下始新世,英格兰)表明中生代新鸟的高级神经形态学
DOI:
10.1080/14772019.2010.513703
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发表时间:
2011
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Walsh S
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Walsh S
Our recent X-ray micro computer-tomographic (μCT) investigations ofProphaethon shrubsoleiandOdontopteryx toliapicafrom the Lower Eocene London Clay Formation of England revealed the avian brain to have been essentially modern in form by 55 Ma, but that an important vision-related synapomorphy of living birds, the eminentia sagittalis of the telencephalon, was poorly developed. This evidence suggested that the feature probably appeared close to the end of the Mesozoic. Here we use μCT analysis to describe the endocranium ofHalcyornis toliapicus, also from the London Clay Formation. The affinities ofHalcyornishave been hotly debated, with the taxon referred to the Charadriiformes (Laridae), Coraciiformes (Alcedinidae, and its own family Halcyornithidae) and most recently that Halcyornithidae may be a possible senior synonym of Pseudasturidae (Pan-Psittaciformes). UnlikeProphaethonandOdontopteryx, the eminentia sagittalis ofHalcyornisis strongly developed and comparable to that of living species. Like those London Clay taxa, the eminentia sagittalis occupies a rostral position on the telencephalon. The senses ofHalcyornisappear to have been well developed. The length of the cochlear duct of the inner ear indicates a hearing sensitivity within the upper range of living species, and enlarged olfactory lobes suggest a reasonable reliance on sense of smell. The optic nerves were especially well developed which, together with the strong development of the eminentia sagittalis, indicates a high degree of visual specialization inHalcyornis. The advanced development of the eminentia sagittalis further supports a Mesozoic age for the appearance of this structure and associated neural architectural complexity found in extant Aves. The eminentia sagittalis of living Psittaciformes is situated caudally on the telencephalon, making a Pan-Psittaciformes relationship unlikely forHalcyornis.
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DOI:
--
发表时间:
1988
期刊:
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The Medico-chirurgical review
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--
发表时间:
2009
期刊:
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