Inter-organ Communication in the Regulation of Lipid Metabolism: Focusing on the Network Between the Liver, Intestine, and Heart
Inter-organ Communication in the Regulation of Lipid Metabolism: Focusing on the Network Between the Liver, Intestine, and Heart
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DOI：
10.1254/jphs.13r09cp
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Adachi-Akahane, Satomi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ito, Masanori;Adachi-Akahane, Satomi
近年来的研究表明，脂质代谢是通过多器官的协同作用来调节的。肠道菌群通过脂肪酸和磷脂酰胆碱的产生以及胆汁酸谱的调节来影响肝脏的代谢。微生物群还通过从营养物中产生代谢物来影响心血管系统。MicroRNAs （miRNAs）是一种长度约为22个核苷酸的非编码rna。mirna从器官释放到血流中，干扰靶器官的基因表达。mirna参与代谢稳态的调节，包括脂蛋白的产生和心血管功能。脂肪酸也通过脂肪酸运输蛋白质循环并分布到各个器官。脂肪酸可以作为G蛋白偶联受体（如GPR41和GPR43）和核受体PPAR α的配体，在调节能量消耗中起着至关重要的作用。因此，器官间通讯在脂质代谢的系统调节中起着重要作用。对器官间网络系统的研究将有助于代谢性疾病的诊断和治疗策略的发展。本文综述了脂质代谢是如何通过器官间通讯调节的，重点是肝脏、肠道和心脏之间的网络轴。
Recent studies have shown that lipid metabolism is regulated through the orchestration of multiple organs. Gut microbiota influences the metabolism of the liver through the production of fatty acids and phosphatidylcholine as well as the modulation of bile acid profile. Microbiota also affects the cardiovascular system through the production of metabolites from nutrients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs comprised of around 22 nucleotides in length. MiRNAs are released into blood flow from organs and interfere with the gene expression of target organs. MiRNAs are involved in the regulation of metabolic homeostasis including lipoprotein production and cardiovascular functions. Fatty acids are also circulating and distributed to each organ by fatty acid transporting proteins. Fatty acids can act as a ligand of G protein coupled receptors, such as GPR41 and GPR43, and nuclear receptor PPAR alpha, which bear crucial roles in the regulation of energy expenditure. Therefore the inter-organ communication plays important roles in the systematic regulation of lipid metabolism. Studies on the inter-organ network system will contribute to the development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for metabolic diseases. This review discusses how lipid metabolism is regulated by the inter-organ communication, focusing on the network axis between the liver, intestine, and heart.