Brown Fat Activation Mediates Cold-Induced Thermogenesis in Adult Humans in Response to a Mild Decrease in Ambient Temperature
Brown Fat Activation Mediates Cold-Induced Thermogenesis in Adult Humans in Response to a Mild Decrease in Ambient Temperature
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DOI：
10.1210/jc.2012-4213
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Celi, Francesco S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Kong Y.;Brychta, Robert J.;Celi, Francesco S.
背景：棕色脂肪组织(BAT)对暴露在可持续寒冷中的人类能量平衡的贡献尚未完全确定，部分原因是BAT活性和能量消耗(EE)的测量限制。目的：该研究的目的是表征BAT激活在冷诱导产热(CIT)中的作用。设计：本研究为单盲，随机交叉干预。背景：研究在美国国立卫生研究院临床中心进行。研究参与者：31名健康志愿者参与研究。干预：干预包括轻度寒冷暴露。主要结果：CIT和BAT激活是本研究的主要结果。方法：在24℃或19℃下用全室间接量热仪测量隔夜EE，然后进行2-[18F]-氟-2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖正电子发射断层扫描(PET)。36小时后，志愿者在相同条件下切换到不同的研究温度。结果：24名志愿者(男14名，女10名)拥有完整的数据集。与24摄氏度相比，19摄氏度暴露导致EE(5.3+/-5.9%，P<；.001)增加，表明CIT反应和平均BAT活动(10.5+/-11.1%，P<；.001)。多元回归分析表明，BAT活动(P<；.001)、年龄(P=.01)和性别(P=.037)的差异是CIT个体差异的独立贡献者。结论：在气候控制建筑的范围内，环境温度的小幅降低足以增加人类BAT活动，这与个体CIT反应相关。这项研究首次揭示了健康成年人在轻度寒冷暴露期间BAT激活的频谱，这是以前用常规PET和PET计算机断层扫描方法所不能识别的。增强冷诱导的BAT刺激可能代表着肥胖治疗的一种新的环境策略。
Context: The contribution of brown adipose tissue (BAT) to the energy balance in humans exposed to sustainable cold has not been completely established, partially because of measurement limitations of both BAT activity and energy expenditure (EE).Objective: The objective of the study was to characterize the role of BAT activation in cold-induced thermogenesis (CIT).Design: This study was a single-blind, randomized crossover intervention.Setting: The study was conducted at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center.Study Participants: Thirty-one healthy volunteers participated in the study.Interventions: The intervention included mild cold exposure.Main Outcomes: CIT and BAT activation were the main outcomes in this study.Methods: Overnight EE measurement by whole-room indirect calorimeter at 24 degrees C or 19 degrees C was followed by 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (PET) scan. After 36 hours, volunteers crossed over to the alternate study temperature under identical conditions. BAT activity was measured in a 3-dimensional region of interest in the upper torso by comparing the uptake at the two temperatures.Results: Twenty-four volunteers (14 males, 10 females) had a complete data set. When compared with 24 degrees C, exposure at 19 degrees C resulted in increased EE (5.3 +/- 5.9%, P < .001), indicating CIT response and mean BAT activity (10.5 +/- 11.1%, P < .001). Multiple regression analysis indicated that a difference in BAT activity (P < .001), age (P = .01), and gender (P = .037) were independent contributors to individual variability of CIT.Conclusions: A small reduction in ambient temperature, within the range of climate-controlled buildings, is sufficient to increase human BAT activity, which correlates with individual CIT response. This study uncovers for the first time a spectrum of BAT activation among healthy adults during mild cold exposure not previously recognized by conventional PET and PET-computed tomography methods. The enhancement of cold-induced BAT stimulation may represent a novel environmental strategy in obesity treatment.