The influence of stretching and warm-up exercises on Achilles tendon reflex activity
The influence of stretching and warm-up exercises on Achilles tendon reflex activity
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DOI：
10.1080/02640419508732265
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发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Hennig, Ewald M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rosenbaum, Dieter;Hennig, Ewald M.
本研究的目的是调查的急性影响，事先行使（热身和伸展）的肌电图和力量输出的机械引起小腿三头肌反射。50名男性受试者在一次训练中在三个连续条件下进行了八次反射实验：（1）没有事先锻炼，（2）静态拉伸小腿三头肌（3分钟）和（3）在跑步机上热身10分钟后。通过标准化的反射锤在右腿小腿三头肌中引起肌腱敲击反射力，并在定制的夹具中测量。在腓肠肌（G）和比目鱼肌（S）的内侧头上用表面电极记录肌电图（EMG）信号。受试者内的变异系数低，而受试者间的变异系数高，这表明个体反射特征很强。在拉伸后，峰值力（-5%; P lt 0.05）、力上升率（-8%; P lt 0.01）、半松弛率（-5%; N.S.）结果：运动后肌电振幅（G，-16%; S，-17%; P lt 0. 01）、积分（G，-15%; S，-18%; P lt 0. 01）及肌电潜伏期（G，+3%; S，+1%; P lt 0. 01）均较运动前增加。跑步后，峰值力达到了没有预先锻炼的值（-2%; N.S.），力上升率和半松弛率分别提高了8%和12（P lt 0.01），冲动（力-时间积分; -12%），EMG振幅（G，-2 0%; S，-2 3%; P lt 0.0 1），积分（G，-18%; S，-2 3%; P lt 0.0 1）和乳酸（G，-1%; S，-2%; P lt 0.0 1）显著降低。拉伸治疗后观察到的力特征的变化表明肌肉顺应性改善，这可能会降低受伤的风险。另一方面，额外的热身跑后的变化有一个更明显的影响，改善力量的发展和减少EMG活动，这可以被看作是一个性能增强的效果。
The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of prior exercise (warm-up and stretching) on the electromyographic and force output of mechanically elicited triceps surae reflexes. Fifty male subjects performed eight reflex experiments under each of three successive conditions in one session: (1) no prior exercise, (2) after static stretching of the passive triceps surae (3 min) and (3) after a 10-min warm-up run on a treadmill. Tendon tap reflex force was elicited in the triceps surae of the right leg by means of a standardized reflex hammer and measured in a custom-built fixture. Electromyographic (EMG) signals were recorded with surface electrodes over the medial head of the gastrocnemius (G) and the soleus (S). Low coefficients of variation within subjects contrasted with high between-subject variations, indicating highly individual reflex characteristics. After stretching, reductions in the peak force (-5%; P lt 0.05), the force rise rate (-8%; P lt 0.01), the half relaxation rate (-5%; N.S.), the EMG amplitudes (G, -16%; S, -17%; P lt 0.01) and integrals (G, -15%; S, -18%; P lt 0.01), and an increase in EMG latencies (G, +3%; S, +1%; P lt 0.01), were found compared with the values obtained without prior exercise. After running, the peak force reached the values obtained without prior exercise (-2%; N.S.), the force rise rate and half relaxation rate increased by 8 and 12%, respectively (P lt 0.01), and the impulse (force-time integral; -12%), EMG amplitudes (G, -20%; S, -23%; P lt 0.01), integrals (G, -18%; S, -23%; P lt 0.01) and latencies (G, -1%; S, -2%; P lt 0.01) decreased significantly. The changes in the force characteristics observed after the stretching treatment indicate improved muscle compliance that might reduce the risk of injury. On the other hand, the changes after the additional warm-up run had a more pronounced influence with regard to improved force development and a decreased EMG activity, which can be viewed as a performance-enhancing effect.