Developing Minds: A Resource Book for Teaching Thinking. Revised Edition, Volume 1.
Developing Minds: A Resource Book for Teaching Thinking. Revised Edition, Volume 1.
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发表时间：
1991
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通讯作者：
Arthur L. Costa
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作者：
Arthur L. Costa
人们经常说学校过度强调逻辑/数学和口头/语言智力。并且在Pisa测试中经常观察和发现；学生们实际上正在从事低水平的技能工作。如果我们使用布鲁姆的分类法作为指导，我们可以说学生参与了知识和理解水平，并且有一些在应用水平上工作的机会。然而，我们需要更多能够对一系列选项进行分析、综合和评估的学生。 PISA 研究的重点是 15 岁的学生，看看他们是否获得了信息/知识驱动型社会所需的知识、技能和态度。结果表明，我们的学生确实不具备我们这个年龄所需的技能。
It is often stated that schools over emphasize the logical/mathematical and verbal /linguistic intelligences. And it is often observed and discovered in the Pisa test; students are really working at low level skills. If we use Bloom's taxonomy as a guide we could say that students are involved in the knowledge and comprehension levels with a few opportunities to work at the application level. However, we need more students who can analyze, synthesize and evaluate from a range of options. The Pisa study focused on 15 year old students to see if they had acquired the knowledge, skills and attitudes required of an information/ knowledge driven society The results indicate that indeed our students do not have the requisite skills for our age.