The microbiome at the pulmonary alveolar niche and its role in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
The microbiome at the pulmonary alveolar niche and its role in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tube.2015.07.004
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发表时间：
2015-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cervantes JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adami AJ;Cervantes JL
下一代测序（NGS）技术的进步提供了全面准确地表征健康和疾病中呼吸道微生物群落的工具。已经发现，肺部和病原菌的存在对肺免疫系统具有重要影响。直到最近，在微生物组表征方面，与其他身体部位相比，肺部受到的关注较少，并且与其他身体小生境相比，其研究在获得可靠样本方面存在特殊的技术困难。此外，肺泡免疫系统的复杂性及其与肺部微生物组的相互作用才刚刚开始被理解。在这种复杂性中，存在着结核分枝杆菌（Mtb），它是人类最古老的克星之一，也是一个重大的公共卫生问题，全世界有数百万人感染了Mtb。结核分枝杆菌、肺部微生物组和肺泡免疫系统之间错综复杂的相互作用开始被理解，越来越明显的是，只有深入了解这三种力量之间的相互作用，才能改善结核分枝杆菌的治疗。在这篇综述中，我们总结了我们目前对肺微生物组，肺泡免疫以及每种与Mtb的相互作用的理解。
Advances in next generation sequencing (NGS) technology have provided the tools to comprehensively and accurately characterize the microbial community in the respiratory tract in health and disease. The presence of commensal and pathogenic bacteria has been found to have important effects on the lung immune system. Until relatively recently, the lung has received less attention compared to other body sites in terms of microbiome characterization, and its study carries special technological difficulties related to obtaining reliable samples as compared to other body niches. Additionally, the complexity of the alveolar immune system, and its interactions with the lung microbiome, are only just beginning to be understood. Amidst this complexity sits Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), one of humanity’s oldest nemeses and a significant public health concern, with millions of individuals infected with Mtb worldwide. The intricate interactions between Mtb, the lung microbiome, and the alveolar immune system are beginning to be understood, and it is increasingly apparent that improved treatment of Mtb will only come through deep understanding of the interplay between these three forces. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the lung microbiome, alveolar immunity, and the interaction of each with Mtb.