Food begging and sharing in wild bonobos (Pan paniscus): assessing relationship quality?
Food begging and sharing in wild bonobos (Pan paniscus): assessing relationship quality?
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DOI：
10.1007/s10329-016-0522-6
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Fruth, Barbara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldstone, Lucas G.;Sommer, Volker;Fruth, Barbara
人们常常假设食物转移在人类合作的进化中发挥了作用。然而，它们也出现在非人类灵长类动物中，尽管对其功能尚未达成共识。我们记录了刚果民主共和国 LuiKotale 的野生倭黑猩猩乞讨食物的模式和成功率，以及可能影响它们的相关因素。我们的数据收集了超过 1074 小时的观察时间，重点关注 260 起乞讨事件（母子二人之外），其中 37% 成功。我们没有发现对“互惠假设”aEuro“的支持，即食物是为了美容和/或性利益而交换的；对“压力下分享”假设的支持也很弱，即食物因骚扰而转移，并为乞丐带来营养益处。相反，我们的数据支持“评估关系”假设，根据该假设，乞丐获得有关其与乞丐的社会关系状态的信息。 食品的拥有者。这似乎尤其适用于年轻女性（新移民或未建立等级制度）向成年女性频繁但不成功的乞讨事件，尽管在其他与性别和年龄无关的二元组合中也可以观察到这种情况。
Food transfers are often hypothesised to have played a role in the evolution of cooperation amongst humans. However, they also occur in non-human primates, though no consensus exists regarding their function(s). We document patterns of begging for food and success rates as well as associated factors that may influence them for wild bonobos at LuiKotale, Democratic Republic of Congo. Our data, collected over 1074 observation hours, focus on 260 begging events (outside mother-offspring dyads) of which 37 % were successful. We find no support for the "reciprocity hypothesis"aEuro"that food is exchanged for grooming and/or sexual benefits; and only weak support for the "sharing under pressure" hypothesis-that food is transferred as a result of harassment and pays off in terms of nutritional benefits for the beggar. Instead, our data support the "assessing-relationships" hypothesis, according to which beggars gain information about the status of their social relationship with the possessor of a food item. This seems to hold particularly true for the frequent, albeit unsuccessful begging events by young females (newly immigrated or hierarchically non-established) towards adult females, although it can be observed in other dyadic combinations independent of sex and age.