Loss of furin cleavage site attenuates SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis.

Loss of furin cleavage site attenuates SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41586-021-03237-4
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发表时间:
2021-03
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Menachery VD
Menachery VD
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Johnson BA;Xie X;Bailey AL;Kalveram B;Lokugamage KG;Muruato A;Zou J;Zhang X;Juelich T;Smith JK;Zhang L;Bopp N;Schindewolf C;Vu M;Vanderheiden A;Winkler ES;Swetnam D;Plante JA;Aguilar P;Plante KS;Popov V;Lee B;Weaver SC;Suthar MS;Routh AL;Ren P;Ku Z;An Z;Debbink K;Diamond MS;Shi PY;Freiberg AN;Menachery VD

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SARS-CoV-2 是一种在全球范围内大流行的新型冠状病毒 (CoV),其刺突蛋白中有一个弗林蛋白酶裂解位点 (PRRAR),而其他 2B 组冠状病毒中则没有该位点。为了探讨弗林蛋白酶切割位点是否有助于感染和发病机制,我们生成了删除弗林蛋白酶切割位点的突变体 SARS-CoV-2 (ΔPRRA)。与亲代 SARS-CoV-2 相比,SARS-CoV-2 ΔPRRA 复制速度更快,提高了 Vero E6 细胞的适应性,并减少了刺突蛋白加工。然而,ΔPRRA 突变体在人类呼吸道细胞系中的复制减少,并且在 SARS-CoV-2 发病机制的仓鼠和 K18-hACE2 转基因小鼠模型中减弱。尽管疾病减少,但 ΔPRRA 突变体提供了针对亲本 SARS-CoV-2 再次攻击的保护作用。重要的是,与亲本 SARS-CoV-2 相比,COVID-19 患者血清和受体结合域 (RBD) 单克隆抗体对 ΔPRRA 突变体的中和值较低,这可能是由于颗粒/PFU 比率增加。总之,这些结果证明了弗林蛋白酶裂解位点在 SARS-CoV-2 感染中的关键作用,并强调了该位点在评估抗体中和活性中的重要性。
SARS-CoV-2, a novel coronavirus (CoV) producing worldwide pandemic, has a furin cleavage site (PRRAR) in its spike protein that is absent in other group 2B CoVs . To explore whether the furin cleavage site contributes to infection and pathogenesis, we generated a mutant SARS-CoV-2 deleting the furin cleavage site (ΔPRRA). SARS-CoV-2 ΔPRRA replicates with faster kinetics, has improved fitness in Vero E6 cells, and has reduced spike protein processing as compared to parental SARS-CoV-2. However, the ΔPRRA mutant has reduced replication in a human respiratory cell line and was attenuated in both hamster and K18-hACE2 transgenic mouse models of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. Despite reduced disease, the ΔPRRA mutant conferred protection against rechallenge with the parental SARS-CoV-2. Importantly, COVID-19 patient sera and receptor-binding domain (RBD) monoclonal antibodies had lower neutralization values against the ΔPRRA mutant versus parental SARS-CoV-2 likely due to increased particle/PFU ratio. Together, these results demonstrate a critical role for the furin cleavage site in SARS-CoV-2 infection and highlight the importance of this site in evaluating antibody neutralization activity.
DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btq033
发表时间: 2010-03-15
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