OUTER HAIR-CELLS IN THE MAMMALIAN COCHLEA AND NOISE-INDUCED HEARING-LOSS
OUTER HAIR-CELLS IN THE MAMMALIAN COCHLEA AND NOISE-INDUCED HEARING-LOSS
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DOI：
10.1038/315662a0
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
RUSSELL, IJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CODY, AR;RUSSELL, IJ
哺乳动物耳蜗中的毛细胞将机械刺激转化为电信号，导致听觉神经元的兴奋1。由于它们在听力中的重要作用，这些细胞是听觉过度刺激后耳蜗敏感性丧失的可能部位2，3。我们记录了豚鼠耳蜗内毛细胞和外毛细胞（IHC，OHC）在强音暴露期间和暴露后的变化。我们的结果显示了毛细胞的功能变化，这可能解释了噪音引起的听力损失的起源。这两个群体的毛细胞表现出的振幅减少和增加的对称性，其声诱发的受体电位。此外，OHC还遭受膜电位的持续去极化。值得注意的是，OHC的膜和受体电位与耳蜗敏感性平行恢复，如通过IHC受体电位振幅和听神经阈值所测量的。目前的声传导理论4 - 6表明，对IHC的机械输入可能受到OHC的调节。因此，OHC在声过度刺激后的功能改变可能决定了大声喧哗后听力损失的程度。
Hair cells in the mammalian cochlea transduce mechanical stimuli into electrical signals leading to excitation of auditory nerve fibres1. Because of their important role in hearing, these cells are a possible site for the loss of cochlear sensitivity that follows acoustic overstimulation2,3. We have recorded from inner and outer hair cells (IHC, OHC) in the guinea pig cochlea during and after exposure to intense tones. Our results show functional changes in the hair cells that may explain the origin of noise-induced hearing loss. Both populations of hair cells show a reduction in amplitude and an increase in the symmetry of their acoustically evoked receptor potentials. In addition, the OHCs also suffer a sustained depolarization of the membrane potential. Significantly, the membrane and receptor potentials of the OHCs recover in parallel with cochlear sensitivity as measured by the IHC receptor potential amplitude and the auditory nerve threshold. Current theories of acoustic transduction4–6suggest that the mechanical input to IHCs may be regulated by the OHCs. Consequently, the modified function of OHCs after acoustic overstimulation may determine the extent of the hearing loss following loud sound.