Persimmon (Diospyros Kaki Thunb ‘Saijo’) peel improved dyslipidemia and its related production of atherogenic autoantigen complexes in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice
Persimmon (Diospyros Kaki Thunb ‘Saijo’) peel improved dyslipidemia and its related production of atherogenic autoantigen complexes in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice
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柿子（Diospyros Kaki Thunb ‘Saijo’）皮改善低密度脂蛋白受体缺陷小鼠的血脂异常及其相关的致动脉粥样硬化自身抗原复合物的产生
DOI：
10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300867.49
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
N. Quan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Quan
柿子含有多种生物活性化合物，如多酚、类黄酮、萜类、类固醇、膳食纤维、类胡萝卜素和矿物质。虽然柿皮（PP）富含类胡萝卜素和多酚，而不是柿浆，但在干果生产过程中，果皮被丢弃。据报道，PP成分具有抗氧化活性和酪氨酸酶抑制活性（美白活性）等有益作用。也有报道称，柿子幼果有降血脂作用。在本研究中，我们在高胆固醇血症小鼠模型中检测了PP对血脂异常、动脉粥样硬化和免疫调节成分产生的影响，以评估PP作为预防动脉粥样硬化的食物补充剂的可能性。材料与方法(1)饲料(2)动物及实验方案(3)血脂(4)小鼠主动脉制备及动脉粥样硬化定量(5)小鼠LDL制备及氧化(6)抗体(7)小鼠oxLDL/b2GPI复合物ELISA测定(8)11-脱氢血栓素B2 (11- dhtxb2) ELISA测定(9)8-羟基-2 ' -脱氧鸟苷（8- ohdg）及脂联素测定（10）IgM抗oxLDL抗体ELISA测定（11）统计学分析结果(1)体重和血脂(2)血浆oxLDL/b2GPI水平高脂肪负荷后，低密度脂蛋白缺陷小鼠血浆oxLDL/b2GPI复合物水平显著升高，高脂肪负荷后，低密度脂蛋白缺陷小鼠血浆oxLDL/b2GPI复合物水平显著升高，而低密度脂蛋白缺陷小鼠高脂肪负荷后，低密度脂蛋白缺陷小鼠血浆oxLDL/b2GPI复合物水平维持在与实验开始相近的水平。饲喂12周后，与HF-B相比，饲喂HF-A导致血浆oxLDL/b2GPI复合物显著升高（p<0.0005），而饲喂HF-B+PP导致血浆oxLDL/b2GPI复合物显著降低（p<0.05）。(3)与喂食HF-B的小鼠相比，补充PP使整个主动脉树的脂质沉积病变面积减少了70%。主动脉弓和腹主动脉的动脉粥样硬化病变也明显小于HF-B组。(4)尿8- ohdg和血浆脂联素(5)尿11-脱氢血栓素B2饲喂8周后，与HF-B相比，添加柿皮显著抑制了11-dhTXB2的升高（p<0.05）。(6)抗oxLDL抗体在ldlr缺陷小鼠中，20周龄时抗oxLDL抗体水平低于HF-B组，但差异不显著。24周龄时，HF-B+PP抗体水平变化较大，与HF-B+PP差异无统计学意义。结论柿皮可抑制LDL -缺陷小鼠血液中胆固醇、甘油三酯和oxLDL/b2GPI致动脉粥样硬化自身抗原水平的升高，阻止动脉粥样硬化的进展，但不影响抗氧化LDL的天然抗体诱导。虽然柿皮预防动脉粥样硬化的确切机制和功能成分尚未确定，但它有助于开发预防血脂异常和动脉粥样硬化的食品补充剂。
Introduction The fruit persimmon contains several bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, dietary fiber, carotenoids and minerals. Though persimmon peel (PP) is rich in carotenoids and polyphenols rather than persimmon pulp, the peel is discarded during production of dried fruit. It has been reported that the PP components have beneficial effects such as antioxidant activity, and tyrosinase inhibiting activity (whitening activity). It was also reported that young persimmon fruit has hypolipidemic effect. In the present study we examined the effect of PP on dyslipidemia, atherogenesis, and production of immune-regulated components in hypercholesterolemic mouse model to evaluate the possibility of PP as preventive food supplements against atherogenesis. Materials and Methods (1) Diets (2) Animals and Experimental Protocol (3) Plasma Lipids (4) Preparation of mouse aortas and quantification of atherosclerosis (5) Preparation and oxidation of mouse LDL (6) Antibodies (7) ELISA for mouse oxLDL/b2GPI complexes (8) ELISA for 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 (11-dhTXB2) (9) 8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and adiponectin measurement (10) ELISA for IgM anti-oxLDL antibody (11) Statistical analysis 3. Results (1) Body weight and blood lipids (2) Plasma oxLDL/b2GPI level Plasma oxLDL/b2GPI complex levels in LDLR-deficient mice fed HF-A, HF-B, and HF-B+PP significantly increased after high fat loading, but the complexes in LDLR-mice fed MF stayed in the level similar to the beginning of the experiment. After 12 weeks of feeding, HF-A feeding led to significant increment in plasma oxLDL/b2GPI complexes (p<0.0005), while HF-B+PP feeding resulted in significant decrease (p<0.05) when compared with HF-B, respectively. (3) Atherosclerotic lesions PP supplementation reduced the lipid-deposit lesion areas in the entire aortic tree by 70% compared with mice fed HF-B. Atherosclerotic lesion was also significantly smaller in the aortic arch and abdominal aorta than those in the HF-B group. (4) Urinary 8-OHdG and plasma adiponectin (5) Urinary 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 After 8 weeks of feeding, persimmon peel supplementation showed significant inhibition of raise in 11-dhTXB2 (p<0.05) when compared with HF-B. (6) Antibody against oxLDL In LDLR-deficient mice fed HF-B+PP, the level of antibodies against oxLDL at 20 weeks of age was lower than that in HF-B, but it was not significant. At 24 weeks of age, antibody levels in HF-B+ PP largely varied and difference between HF-B and HF-B+PP resulted in no statistical significance. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that persimmon peel prevented the increment of blood cholesterol, triglyceride, and oxLDL/b2GPI atherogenic autoantigen levels, and prevented the progression of atherosclerosis in the LDLR-deficient mouse, but did not influence natural antibody induction against oxidised LDL. Though the precise mechanism and functional constituents of preventing atherosclerosis are not identified, persimmon peel would be beneficial in the development of preventive food supplement against dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0735-1097(02)02769-9
发表时间：
2003-02-05
影响因子：
24
作者：
Tsimikas, S;Bergmark, C;Witztum, JL
通讯作者：
Witztum, JL
DOI：
10.1161/01.atv.14.4.605
发表时间：
1994-04-01
期刊：
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS AND THROMBOSIS
影响因子：
--
作者：
PALINSKI, W;ORD, VA;WITZTUM, JL
通讯作者：
WITZTUM, JL
影响因子：
15.9
作者：
Palinski, W;Horkko, S;Witztum, JL
通讯作者：
Witztum, JL
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.91.10.4431
发表时间：
1994-05-10
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
ISHIBASHI, S;HERZ, J;BROWN, MS
通讯作者：
BROWN, MS