Gestalt processing in autism: failure to process perceptual relationships and the implications for contextual understanding
Gestalt processing in autism: failure to process perceptual relationships and the implications for contextual understanding
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00237.x
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发表时间：
2004-03-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Pye, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brosnan, MJ;Scott, FJ;Pye, J
背景：自闭症的缺陷表现为偏向局部而非全局处理。本文探讨自闭症患者是否存在格式塔分组缺陷。方法：25名低功能自闭症儿童和25名对照，他们的实足年龄和言语心理年龄相匹配。结果：自闭症组对格式塔分组原则（接近性、相似性、封闭性）的使用明显少于对照组。计算完形塔分组的总体指数，自闭症组表现在偶然水平。在确定某些不可能的数字方面也存在缺陷。这种模式并没有反映在绘画任务中，自闭症样本比对照组更符合格式塔分组原则（无显著性）。结论：结果讨论了自闭症在处理元素间关系方面的失败，这将允许欣赏由多个元素组成的更大的感知连贯单位，从而包括上下文。这些过程被认为是预先注意的。
Background: Deficits in autism have been characterised as a bias towards local over global processing. This paper examines whether there is a deficit in gestalt grouping in autism. Method: Twenty-five low-functioning children with autism and 25 controls who were matched for chronological age and verbal mental age took part in the study. Results: The autism group utilised gestalt grouping principles (proximity, similarity, closure) significantly less than the controls. Calculating an overall index of gestalt grouping, the autism group performed at chance level. There was also a deficit in identifying certain impossible figures. This pattern was not reflected in a drawing task, in which the autism sample conformed more to gestalt grouping principles than controls (non-significantly). Conclusions: The results are discussed in terms of a failure in autism to process inter-element relationships that would allow for the appreciation of larger perceptually coherent units that comprise of multiple elements and, consequently, context. The processes are argued to be preattentive.