Fermentation of cellulose and production of cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes by anaerobic fungi from ruminant and non-ruminant herbivores
Fermentation of cellulose and production of cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes by anaerobic fungi from ruminant and non-ruminant herbivores
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00263000
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
M. Teunissen;A. A. M. Smits-A.;H. J. M. Op den Camp;J. H. J. Huis in't Veld-J.-H.-J.-Huis-in't-Veld-2257828295;G. D. Vogels
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文献类型：
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作者：
M. Teunissen;A. A. M. Smits-A.;H. J. M. Op den Camp;J. H. J. Huis in't Veld-J.-H.-J.-Huis-in't-Veld-2257828295;G. D. Vogels
在滤纸纤维素上培养4种厌氧真菌，监测7-8天的底物利用、发酵产物以及纤维素和木聚糖水解酶的分泌情况。其中两种真菌（N1和N2）是从反刍动物（羊）中分离出来的，另外两种真菌分别是从印度象和印度犀牛中分离出来的epiomycesspecies （E2和R1）。厌氧真菌对滤纸纤维素的降解几乎完全，菌株E2、N1、N2、R1的纤维素消化率分别为0.25、0.13、0.21和0.18 g·1-1·h-1。所有菌株均分泌纤维素水解酶和木聚糖水解酶，包括内切葡聚糖酶、外切葡聚糖酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶和木聚糖酶。菌株E2在相对较短的时间内分泌出最高水平的酶。研究了这四种真菌分泌的酶在果皮上的产物形成。无论是否存在β-葡萄糖苷酶特异性抑制剂葡醛酸-1,5-δ-内酯，均以葡萄糖为主，未形成纤维素二糖。因此，这四种真菌分泌的外葡聚糖酶可能是一种葡萄糖水解酶。
Four anaerobic fungi were grown on filter paper cellulose and monitored over a 7–8 days period for substrate utilisation, fermentation products, and secretion of cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes. Two of the fungi (N1 and N2) wereNeocallimastixspecies isolated from a ruminant (sheep) and the other two fungi werePiromycesspecies (E2 and R1) isolated from an Indian Elephant and an Indian Rhinoceros, respectively. The tested anaerobic fungi degraded the filter paper cellulose almost completely and estimated cellulose digestion rates were 0.25, 0.13, 0.21 and 0.18 g · 1-1· h-1for strains E2, N1, N2, R1, respectively. All strains secreted cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes, including endoglucanase, exoglucanase, β-glucosidase and xylanase. Strain E2 secreted the highest levels of enzymes in a relatively short time. The product formation on avicel by enzymes secreted by the four fungi was studied. Both in the presence and absence of glucurono-1,5-δ-lactone, a specific inhibitor of β-glucosidase, mainly glucose was formed but no cellobiose. Therefore the exoglucanase secreted by the four fungi is probably a glucohydrolase.