Confirmation of Skywalker Hoolock Gibbon (Hoolock tianxing) in Myanmar Extends Known Geographic Range of an Endangered Primate
Confirmation of Skywalker Hoolock Gibbon (Hoolock tianxing) in Myanmar Extends Known Geographic Range of an Endangered Primate
复制标题
缅甸天行白眉长臂猿（白眉长臂猿）的确认扩大了濒危灵长类动物的已知地理范围
DOI：
10.1007/s10764-024-00418-6
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发表时间：
2024
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Sau, Zung
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Aung, Pyae Phyo;Lwin, Ngwe;Aung, Tin Htun;Htike, Thura Soe;Thompson, Carolyn;Roos, Christian;Zaw, Sa Myo;Lum, L. Zawng;Oo, Win Naing;Sau, Zung
研究灵长类动物的遗传特征对于保护生物多样性和有效分配保护资源具有重要意义。天行者长臂猿（Hoolock tianxing）于2017年首次被描述，唯一确认的种群由150只个体组成。中国云南省高黎贡县。根据河流地理，天行者的分布被假设为延伸到缅甸境内，西至恩迈卡河和伊洛瓦底江之间，东至萨尔温江（缅甸称为Thanlwin河，中国称为怒江）。我们进行了声学点计数抽样调查，收集非侵入性样本的分子线粒体cytochromebgene鉴定，并采取了照片的形态识别在克钦邦的6个站点和掸邦的3个站点，以确定天行者长臂猿在缅甸的预测合适的森林地区的存在。我们还进行了50个半结构化的采访，与周围的社区成员的gills范围森林，以了解潜在的威胁。在克钦邦，我们对23个种群密度在0.57至3.6群/平方公里之间的狒狒群进行了录音。在掸邦，我们用音频记录了21个群体，群体密度在0.134和1.0组/平方公里之间。根据从皮肤和唾液样本中获得的遗传数据，长臂猿被鉴定为天行者长臂猿（99.54-100%的同一性）。虽然这些发现增加了该物种已知的种群规模和确认的分布，但缅甸的天行者长臂猿受到当地栖息地丧失，退化和破碎的威胁。缅甸的大多数天行者巨猿都生活在保护区之外。因此，世界自然保护联盟红色名录中的天行者长臂猿仍然是濒危物种。
Characterizing genetically distinct populations of primates is important for protecting biodiversity and effectively allocating conservation resources. Skywalker gibbons (Hoolock tianxing) were first described in 2017, with the only confirmed population consisting of 150 individuals in Mt. Gaoligong, Yunnan Province, China. Based on river geography, the distribution of the skywalker gibbon has been hypothesized to extend into Myanmar between the N’Mai Kha and Ayeyarwaddy Rivers to the west, and the Salween River (named the Thanlwin River in Myanmar and Nujiang River in China) to the east. We conducted acoustic point-count sampling surveys, collected noninvasive samples for molecular mitochondrial cytochromebgene identification, and took photographs for morphological identification at six sites in Kachin State and three sites in Shan State to determine the presence of skywalker gibbons in predicted suitable forest areas in Myanmar. We also conducted 50 semistructured interviews with members of communities surrounding gibbon range forests to understand potential threats. In Kachin State, we audio-recorded 23 gibbon groups with group densities ranging between 0.57 and 3.6 group/km2. In Shan State, we audio-recorded 21 gibbon groups with group densities ranging between 0.134 and 1.0 group/km2. Based on genetic data obtained from skin and saliva samples, the gibbons were identified as skywalker gibbons (99.54–100% identity). Although these findings increase the species’ known population size and confirmed distribution, skywalker gibbons in Myanmar are threatened by local habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation. Most of the skywalker gibbon population in Myanmar exists outside protected areas. Therefore, the IUCN Red List status of the skywalker gibbon should remain as Endangered.