Identifying Travel Patterns During Extreme Weather Using Taxi GPS Data
Identifying Travel Patterns During Extreme Weather Using Taxi GPS Data
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发表时间：
2015
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通讯作者：
Carson Qing;S. Parfenov;Lee-Jung Kim
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作者：
Carson Qing;S. Parfenov;Lee-Jung Kim
对曼哈顿的出租车全球定位系统（GPS）上下客记录进行了分析，以比较纽约人在2013年2月的一场重大冬季风暴期间和在晴朗天气条件下如何出行以及在何处出行的潜在差异。本研究的目的是确定在纽约市的高度破坏性的天气事件的独特模式的旅行，评估该事件对旅行行为的影响，并展示了应用GPS技术和使用探测数据的环境条件和交通系统的操作之间的相互作用的情况分析。这项研究发现，旅行者选择在暴风雪期间比在晴朗的天气条件下进行更短的旅行，并且在暴风雪期间的平均旅行速度在晚上高峰时间比平时快得多，因为通勤者很早就下班了，但在夜间时间较慢，因为风暴加剧。分析结果还表明，尽管降雪量很大，但工作时间内的出租车出行与晴天的出行量保持相对一致;然而，在2月8日星期五至2月9日星期六的风暴期间，晚上和夜间的出租车出行量明显低于晴天，部分原因是出租车供应急剧减少，在风暴过后数小时内，的士需求未能回复正常。
Analysis of taxi global positioning system (GPS) pickup and dropoff records in Manhattan was conducted to compare potential differences in how and where New Yorkers travel during a major winter storm in February 2013 and during fair weather conditions. The purpose of this study was to identify unique patterns of travel during a highly disruptive weather event in New York City, assess the impacts of that event on travel behavior, and demonstrate the applications of GPS technology and use of probe data in situational analyses of the interaction between environmental conditions and transportation system operations. This study finds that travelers opted to take shorter trips during the snowstorm than during fair weather conditions, and that average travel speeds during the storm were surprisingly faster than usual during the evening rush hour as commuters left work early, but slower during the overnight hours, as the storm intensified. The analysis results also indicate that taxi trips during work hours remained relatively consistent with the fair weather day in spite of the heavy snowfall; however, taxi trip volumes in the evening and overnight hours during the storm from Friday, February 8 through Saturday, February 9 were sharply lower than during fair weather, partly due to a sharp reduction in taxi supply, which lagged taxi demand in recovery in the hours after the storm’s passage.