NONLINEAR OPTICAL-PROPERTIES OF NANOMETER-SIZED SEMICONDUCTOR CLUSTERS
NONLINEAR OPTICAL-PROPERTIES OF NANOMETER-SIZED SEMICONDUCTOR CLUSTERS
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DOI：
10.1021/ar00005a002
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发表时间：
1991-05-01
影响因子：
18.3
通讯作者：
WANG, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
WANG, Y
近30年前，通过对石英晶体中二次谐波的观察，开创了非线性光学领域的先河。经过几十年的深入研究，现在人们对各种非线性光学现象背后的基本物理现象有了很大的了解。2随着这一领域的成熟，研究的重点已经转移到材料的非线性光学性质的研究上，这是近年来越来越受关注的一个课题。3™5主要目标是寻找具有特殊非线性光学响应的材料，作为电信和信息处理行业中可能应用的光开关和频率转换元件。随着这一新的研究重点和在未来的光子器件中用光子取代电子的令人兴奋的前景，越来越多的化学家和材料科学家被吸引到这个领域。光学非线性材料的研究已经发展成为一个真正的多学科领域。被研究的材料传统上分为三类：有机物、3无机物、4和半导体。5每一类材料都有自己的优点和局限性，适合不同类型的应用。在这篇文章中，我重点介绍了一类新的材料，即纳米尺寸的半导体团簇(有时被称为纳米晶、量子点、Q粒子等)。这些团簇具有本质上与块体半导体相同的结构，但性质却截然不同-王英于1979年在俄亥俄州立大学获得博士学位，研究物理化学(快速反应动力学和辐射化学)。在哥伦比亚大学从事博士后工作(皮秒激光光谱学、有机光物理和光化学)后，他成为杜邦中央研发部门的技术人员之一。他的研究兴趣包括小团簇和低维半导体结构的研究，新的非线性光学材料的开发，以及凝聚相中的激发态弛豫动力学。
The field of nonlinear optics was launched almost 30 years ago by the observation of second harmonic gen-eration in a quartz crystal. 1 Through intensive research in the following decades, the basic physics behind various nonlinear optical phenomena is now mostly understood. 2 With the maturity of the field, the focus has shifted to the study of nonlinear optical properties of materials, a subject receiving growing interest in recent years. 3™ 5 The primary objective is to find ma-terials with exceptional nonlinear optical response for possible applications as optical switching and frequency conversion elements in the telecommunication and in-formation processing industries. With this new em-phasis and the exciting prospects of replacing electrons with photons in future photonic devices, a growing number of chemists and materials scientists have been attracted to the field. The study of optically nonlinear materials has evolved into a truly multidisciplinary area. Materials under investigation are traditionally di-vided into three categories: organics, 3 inorganics, 4 and semiconductors. 5 Each of these classes of materials has its own merits and limitations and is suited for different types of applications. In this Account, I focus on a new class of materials, namely, nanometer-sized semicon-ductor clusters (sometimes called nanocrystallites, quantum dots, Q-particles,..., etc.). These clusters possess structures that are essentially the same as bulk semiconductors, yet with properties dramatically dif-Ying Wang received his Ph. D. from Ohio State University in 1979 for studies In physical chemistry (fast reaction kinetics and radiation chemistry). After a postdoctoral assignment at Columbia University (picosecond laser spectroscopy, organic photophysics, and photochemistry), he became a member of the technical staff of the DuPont Central Research and Development De-partment. His research interests Include the study of small clusters and lowdimensional semiconductor structures, the development of new nonlinear optical materials, and excited-state relaxation dynamics in condensed phases.