Glacial lakes of the Central and Patagonian Andes
Glacial lakes of the Central and Patagonian Andes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gloplacha.2018.01.004
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发表时间：
2018-03
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Ryan Wilson;N. Glasser;J. Reynolds;S. Harrison;P. I. Anacona;Marius Schaefer;S. Shannon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ryan Wilson;N. Glasser;J. Reynolds;S. Harrison;P. I. Anacona;Marius Schaefer;S. Shannon
智利和阿根廷安第斯山脉高强度冰川湖暴发洪水(GLOF)的盛行和增加表明，随着气候变暖，冰川继续退缩和变薄，该地区未来将容易发生类似的事件。尽管如此，对该地区冰川湖泊发展的监测一直有限，过去的调查只覆盖了巴塔哥尼亚相对较小的地区。这项研究提供了1986、2000和2016年的新冰川湖清单，涵盖了中央安第斯山脉、北部巴塔哥尼亚和南部巴塔哥尼亚。我们的目标是利用Landsat卫星图像和Google Earth和Bing地图上提供的图像数据集来描述这三个分区域的冰川湖泊的物理属性、空间分布和时间发展。还使用经验面积-体积比例法估算了冰川湖泊水量。结果表明，从1986年到2016年，整个研究区域的冰川湖泊的数量(43%)和面积(7%)都有所增加。这些变化相当于在30年的观察期内冰川湖泊水量增加了65 km3。然而，冰川湖泊的生长和出现显示出根据当地地形、气象、气候变化、冰川变化速度和低坡度冰区的可获得性而分区域不同。这些因素和其他因素可能会影响未来GLOF的发生。这项分析是智利和阿根廷首次对冰川湖泊进行大规模普查，将使人们能够更好地了解这一地区的湖泊发展情况，并为未来的全球冰川流风险评估提供基础。
The prevalence and increased frequency of high-magnitude Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) in the Chilean and Argentinean Andes suggests this region will be prone to similar events in the future as glaciers continue to retreat and thin under a warming climate. Despite this situation, monitoring of glacial lake development in this region has been limited, with past investigations only covering relatively small regions of Patagonia. This study presents new glacial lake inventories for 1986, 2000 and 2016, covering the Central Andes, Northern Patagonia and Southern Patagonia. Our aim was to characterise the physical attributes, spatial distribution and temporal development of glacial lakes in these three sub-regions using Landsat satellite imagery and image datasets available in Google Earth and Bing Maps. Glacial lake water volume was also estimated using an empirical area-volume scaling approach. Results reveal that glacial lakes across the study area have increased in number (43%) and areal extent (7%) between 1986 and 2016. Such changes equate to a glacial lake water volume increase of 65 km3during the 30-year observation period. However, glacial lake growth and emergence was shown to vary sub-regionally according to localised topography, meteorology, climate change, rate of glacier change and the availability of low gradient ice areas. These and other factors are likely to influence the occurrence of GLOFs in the future. This analysis represents the first large-scale census of glacial lakes in Chile and Argentina and will allow for a better understanding of lake development in this region, as well as, providing a basis for future GLOF risk assessments.