HUNTING BEHAVIOR OF WILD CHIMPANZEES IN THE TAI-NATIONAL-PARK
HUNTING BEHAVIOR OF WILD CHIMPANZEES IN THE TAI-NATIONAL-PARK
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DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.1330780410
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发表时间：
1989-04-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
BOESCH, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BOESCH, C;BOESCH, H
狩猎通常被认为是影响早期原始人进化的主要行为之一，同时也影响了他们向更干燥、更开阔的栖息地的转变。我们认为，对与人类密切相关的物种的狩猎行为进行精确的比较，可能有助于我们了解狩猎的哪些方面会受到环境条件的影响。讨论了野生黑猩猩的狩猎行为，并对生活在象牙海岸泰国家公园热带雨林的一个种群进行了新的观察。一些森林黑猩猩的狩猎行为与热带稀树草原上的黑猩猩相似；其他人则不同。森林黑猩猩的猎物形象更为特殊，它们会有意识地寻找更多的成年猎物，它们会在更大的群体中狩猎，比稀树草原上的黑猩猩有着更精细的合作水平。此外，森林黑猩猩倾向于更积极、更频繁地分享肉。这些发现与早期原始人狩猎行为的一些理论有关，并对影响野生黑猩猩狩猎行为的一些因素进行了讨论。最后，将灵长类动物的狩猎行为与社会性食肉动物的狩猎行为进行了比较。
Hunting is often considered one of the major behaviors that shaped early hominids'' evolution, along with the shift twoard a drier and more open habitat. We suggest that a precise comparison of the hunting behavior of a species closely related to man might help us understand which aspects of hunting could be affected by environmental conditions. The hunting behavior of wild chimpanzees is discussed, and new observations on a population living in the tropical rain forest of the Tai National Park, Ivory Coast, are presented. Some of the forest chimpanzees'' hunting performances are similar to those of savanna-woodlands populations; others are different. Forest chimpanzees have a more specialized prey image, intentionally search for more adult prey, and hunt in larger groups and with a more elaborate cooperative level than savanna-woodlands chimpanzees. In addition, forest chimpanzees tend to share meat more actively and more frequently. These findings are related to some theories on aspects of hunting behavior in early hominids and discussed in order to understand some factors influencing the hunting behavor of wild chimpanzees. Finally, the hunting behavior of primates is compared with that of social carnivores.