Alcohol policy enforcement and changes in student drinking rates in a statewide public college system: a follow-up study.
Alcohol policy enforcement and changes in student drinking rates in a statewide public college system: a follow-up study.
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DOI：
10.1186/1747-597x-5-18
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发表时间：
2010-08-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Knight JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harris SK;Sherritt L;Van Hook S;Wechsler H;Knight JR
美国大学生酗酒是年轻人发病率和死亡率的主要原因。本研究的目的是探讨大学酒精政策的执行水平是否预测学生饮酒和相关行为的变化，在公立高校的国家系统，在系统范围内的变化，以更严格的政策。学生和管理人员在11个马萨诸塞州公立学院/大学完成了调查，在1999年（N的学生= 1252），一年后的政策变化，并再次在2001年（N = 1074）。我们根据学生院长、校园安全负责人和学生的报告计算了每所学校的政策执行分数，并在对2001年的数据进行加权以调整学生群体的人口变化后，研究了感知的执行水平与随后两年期间学生饮酒率变化之间的相关性。与1999年相比，2001年过去30天饮酒者中任何饮酒、重度间歇性饮酒和通常重度饮酒的总体比率都较低。学校层面的分析（N = 11）发现，院长对更严格执法的基线报告与随后的重度间歇性饮酒下降密切相关（Pearson r =-0.73，p = 0.011）。此外，院长们报告说，随着时间的推移，持续的高执法水平与大量间歇性饮酒的大幅下降有关。在学生和安全主管的执法报告中没有发现这种关系。在大量饮酒减少的这段时间里，饮酒率并没有上升。研究结果表明，随着时间的推移，更严格的酒精政策的执行可能与学生大量饮酒率的降低有关。院长们积极的执法立场可能是有效的大学酒精政策的一个重要因素。
Heavy alcohol use among U.S. college students is a major contributor to young adult morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to examine whether college alcohol policy enforcement levels predict changes in student drinking and related behaviors in a state system of public colleges and universities, following a system-wide change to a stricter policy. Students and administrators at 11 Massachusetts public colleges/universities completed surveys in 1999 (N of students = 1252), one year after the policy change, and again in 2001 (N = 1074). We calculated policy enforcement scores for each school based on the reports of deans of students, campus security chiefs, and students, and examined the correlations between perceived enforcement levels and the change in student drinking rates over the subsequent two year period, after weighting the 2001 data to adjust for demographic changes in the student body. Overall rates of any past-30-days drinking, heavy episodic drinking, and usual heavy drinking among past-30-days drinkers were all lower in 2001 compared to 1999. School-level analyses (N = 11) found deans' baseline reports of stricter enforcement were strongly correlated with subsequent declines in heavy episodic drinking (Pearson's r = -0.73, p = 0.011). Moreover, consistently high enforcement levels across time, as reported by deans, were associated with greater declines in heavy episodic drinking. Such relationships were not found for students' and security chiefs' reports of enforcement. Marijuana use did not rise during this period of decline in heavy drinking. Study findings suggest that stronger enforcement of a stricter alcohol policy may be associated with reductions in student heavy drinking rates over time. An aggressive enforcement stance by deans may be an important element of an effective college alcohol policy.