Effects of foveal priming and extrafoveal preview on object identification.
Effects of foveal priming and extrafoveal preview on object identification.
复制标题
中心凹启动和中心凹外预览对物体识别的影响。
DOI：
10.1037//0096-1523.13.3.449
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rayner,K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henderson,JM;Pollatsek,A;Rayner,K
三个不同实验的结果表明，在固定n的中央凹中的物体和随后在固定n+ 1时被带入中央凹的物体之间的关系影响识别第二个物体的时间。在实验1中，我们扩展了以前的工作，证明了以前看到的相关启动对象加快的时间来命名一个目标对象，即使当两个对象之间的扫视干预。在实验2中，我们复制了这一结果，并进一步表明，命名时间的好处是由于促进相关的对象，而不是抑制无关的对象。此外，在两个实验中，当没有目标物体的周边预览时，目标物体的命名要慢得多。然而，由于中心凹启动对象的效果是更大的目标时，不存在比当它存在时，启动并没有出现，使提取的中心凹外信息更有效。在实验3中，注视时间被记录，而受试者看着四个对象，以确定他们。当一个相关的物体被固定在一个物体之前时，即使这四个物体没有形成一个场景，固定在一个物体上的时间也会更短。这种促进作用的大小与使用场景的几个类似实验大致相当。结果表明，预测场景上下文对对象识别的影响可能是可以解释的，在一个对象到对象或“intralevel”启动机制。
The results of three different experiments suggested that the relation between an object in the fovea on fixation n and an object subsequently brought into the fovea on fixation n+ 1 affects the time to identify the second object. In Experiment 1 we extended previous work by demonstrating that a previously seen related priming object speeded the time to name a target object even when a saccade intervened between the two objects. In Experiment 2 we replicated this result and further showed that the benefit on naming time was due to facilitation from the related object rather than inhibition from the unrelated object. In addition, naming of the target object was much slower in both experiments when there was not a peripheral preview of the target object on fixation n. However, because the effect of the foveal priming object was greater when the target was not present than when it was present, priming did not appear to make extraction of the extrafoveal information more efficient. In Experiment 3, fixation times were recorded while subjects looked at four objects in order to identify them. Fixation time on an object was shorter when a related object was fixated immediately before it, even though the four objects did not form a scene. The size of the facilitation was roughly comparable to that in several analogous experiments where scenes were used. The results suggest that the effects of a predictive scene context on object identification may be explainable in terms of an object-to-object or “intralevel” priming mechanism.