Greening healthcare: practicing as if the natural environment really mattered.
Greening healthcare: practicing as if the natural environment really mattered.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2002-09
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
K. Irvine;S. Warber
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Irvine;S. Warber
自然界在人类福祉中的作用是医疗保健的一个重要但经常被遗忘的方面。特别重要的是，人们可以通过与自然环境的相互作用获得利益。虽然健康是对抗疗法的一个明显目标，但许多医疗机构既不是培育也不是愈合。将自然世界重新融入到医学实践的环境设计中，是补充传统治疗方式并使医疗保健更加"绿色绿色"的一种方式。"本文讨论了与自然互动的积极方面现有知识的广度，并为未来的研究提供了全面的理论视角。资料来源计算机检索使用MEDLINE，PsycINFO，社会和科学科学索引，论文摘要，Lexus-Nexus，密歇根大学图书馆，和互联网。搜索时间为2001年6月至2002年3月。研究选择使用的关键词包括健康，幸福压力，注意力，自然，花园，景观，恢复和愈合。这些文献发表于1960年至2001年，来自各个学科，包括医学、公共卫生、护理心理学、自然资源、历史和风景园林。幸福的四个组成部分被用作文献选择的框架：身体，心理，情感，社会和精神。资料提取文章进行了定性审查，以提取理论，假设和实验证据。与自然的互动对人类健康的多个方面产生积极影响。压力对自主神经系统的生理影响减少。从心理学上讲，注意力的缺陷可以得到恢复或最小化，人们报告说，他们对生活的各个方面感到更满意。自然世界的存在通过鼓励积极的社会互动和减少攻击行为的频率来促进社会健康。通过与自然世界互动时发生的更大的相互联系的体验，精神福祉得到增强。结论：回顾的文献提供了证据支持直觉的信念，即与自然世界的互动是生物心理社会精神福祉的重要组成部分。将自然世界融入医疗保健可以提供健康益处并改善医疗保健设施的设计。这些知识被更广泛地应用于社会，可能会改变我们处理公共卫生、保护和管理自然资源以及设计人类使用环境的方式。
OBJECTIVE The natural world's role in human well-being is an essential, yet often forgotten, aspect of healthcare. Of particular importance are the benefits one can derive through interaction with natural environments. While health is an obvious goal of allopathic medicine, many healthcare settings are neither nurturing nor healing. Reincorporating the natural world into the design of settings in which medicine is practiced is one way to complement conventional healing modalities and move healthcare toward being more "green." This article discusses the breadth of existing knowledge available on the positive aspects of interaction with nature and provides a comprehensive theoretical perspective for future research. DATA SOURCES Computerized searches were conducted using MEDLINE, PsycINFO, the Social and Scientific Science Indices, Dissertation Abstracts, Lexus-Nexus, the University of Michigan library, and the Internet. Searches were conducted from June 2001 through March 2002. STUDY SELECTION Keywords used included health, well-being stress, attention, nature, garden, landscape, restorative, and healing. The literature, published between 1960 and 2001, came from various disciplines, including medicine, public health, nursing psychology, natural resources, history, and landscape architecture. Four components of well-being were used as a framework for literature selection: physical psychological-emotional social, and spiritual. DATA EXTRACTION Articles were qualitatively reviewed to extract theories, hypotheses, and experimental evidence. DATA SYNTHESIS Interaction with nature positively affects multiple dimensions of human health. Physiological effects of stress on the autonomic nervous system are lessened. Psychologically, deficits in attention can be restored or minimized, and people report feeling greater satisfaction with a variety of aspects of life. The presence of the natural world promotes social health by encouraging positive social interaction and lessening the frequency of aggressive behavior. Spiritual well-being is enhanced through the experience of greater interconnectedness, which occurs when interacting with the natural world. CONCLUSIONS The literature reviewed provides evidence to support the intuitive belief that interaction with the natural world is a vital part of biopsychosocial-spiritual well-being. Incorporating the natural world into healthcare could provide health benefits and improve the design of healthcare facilities. Applied more broadly to society, this knowledge may change the way we approach public health, guard and manage natural resources, and design environments for human use.