Thyroid and iodine nutritional status: a UK perspective.
Thyroid and iodine nutritional status: a UK perspective.
复制标题
DOI：
10.7861/clinmedicine.14-6-s7
复制
发表时间：
2014-12
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
M. Vanderpump
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Vanderpump
碘是甲状腺激素的重要组成部分，甲状腺激素在大脑和神经发育中起着至关重要的作用。据估计，世界上至少有三分之一的人口缺碘，主要集中在发展中国家。最近，人们还对英国等工业化国家的碘状况表示担忧。最近一项关于英国碘状况的调查发现，超过三分之二的14-15岁的女学生由于牛奶摄入量减少而缺碘。孕妇孕期缺碘与后代智商、阅读能力等认知能力相关。没有针对轻度至中度缺碘孕妇补充碘的随机试验数据。可以将减少人口盐摄入量的人口干预措施与盐碘化方案结合起来，以维持适当的碘营养水平。
Iodine is an essential component of the thyroid hormones, which play a crucial role in brain and neurological development. At least one-third of the world's population is estimated to be iodine deficient predominantly in developing countries. Recently concern had also been expressed about the iodine status in industrialised countries such as the UK. A recent survey of the UK iodine status found that that more than two-thirds of schoolgirls aged 14-15 years were iodine deficient due to the reduced milk intake. Maternal iodine deficiency in pregnancy is correlated with cognitive outcomes such as intelligence quotient and reading ability in offspring. No randomised trial data exist for iodine supplementation in mild-moderate iodine-deficient pregnant women. It is possible to combine population interventions to reduce population salt intake with salt iodisation programmes in order to maintain adequate levels of iodine nutrition.