Electro-chemo-mechanics theory in transfer printing of thin films in electrolyte solutions
Electro-chemo-mechanics theory in transfer printing of thin films in electrolyte solutions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2022.111848
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Yue Zhang;Baoxing Xu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yue Zhang;Baoxing Xu
通过施加电场在电解质溶液环境中在生长态金属基板上的电极基板（例如石墨烯）上转印薄膜提供了一种容易的制造技术，以实现在宽范围的材料中精确递送和组装基于薄膜的结构。该技术的基础是电化学机械界面脱层，但缺乏基本的理论。在本研究中，我们已经建立了一个全面的电化学力学理论框架膜脱离各种电极基板在电解质溶液环境。首次提出了由于溶液电解而引起的气泡成核和随后的动力学生长，并将其纳入界面裂纹扩展中来预测膜从惰性金属电极基底上的分层。然后，系统地研究了电化学腐蚀对薄膜/电极基体界面键合和含有化学活性金属材料的电极基体界面键合的影响。开发的蚀刻所得的键断裂和故障的动力学模型，并结合气泡生长引起的界面脱层，以描述它们的协同效应上的膜脱离与两种类型的电极材料和极性（即阳极或阴极）的电极基板。然后，我们通过子程序将电化学力学模型转化为有限元法。计算结果表明，无论薄膜材料、基体材料和电解液的种类，溶液电解和电化学腐蚀的分层机理均与理论预测吻合较好，并且与文献中的实验结果吻合较好。此外，一个机械剥离力模型等效已被开发，以定量估计电化学反应引起的分层，并讨论电场辅助转移印刷的应用能力。所建立的电化学力学理论有望为定量了解和控制电化学场对薄膜的转移印花奠定基础。
Transfer printing of thin films on an electrode substrate such as graphene on as-grown metal substrates in an electrolyte solution environment by applying an electrical field has provided a facile manufacturing technique to attain a precise delivery and assembly of thin film-based structures in a broad range of materials. The technique is underpinned by the electro-chemo-mechanical interfacial delamination, yet the fundamental theory is lacking. In the present study, we have established a comprehensive electro-chemo-mechanics theoretical framework of film detachment from various electrode substrates in an electrolyte solution environment. The bubble nucleation and subsequent kinetic growth due to the electrolysis of solution are first proposed and incorporated into the crack propagation of interface to predict the delamination of film from inert metal electrode substrates. Then, the film detachment induced by electrochemical etching to both interfacial bonds of film/electrode substrates and electrode substrates with chemically active metal materials is systematically investigated. The etching resultant kinetic model of bond breaking and failure is developed and also coupled with the bubble growth-induced interfacial delamination to describe their synergistic effect on the film detachment from electrode substrates with both types of electrode materials and polarity (i.e. anode or cathode). Afterward, we have implemented the electro-chemo-mechanics models into finite element method though a subroutine program. Computational results show remarkable agreement with theoretical predictions for both delamination mechanisms of solution electrolysis and electrochemical etching, regardless of materials of films, substrates and electrolyte solutions, and also are well confirmed with experimental results from literature in a good consistency. Further, a mechanical peeling force model equivalent has been developed to quantitatively estimate the electrochemical reaction-induced delamination and to discuss the application capacity of electrical field assistant transfer printing. The established electro-chemo-mechanics theory is expected to lay a foundation for quantitative understanding and controlling of transfer printing of thin films by the electrochemical field.