Evaluating the Relationship between the Rate and Temporal Distribution of Self-Injurious Behavior.
Evaluating the Relationship between the Rate and Temporal Distribution of Self-Injurious Behavior.
复制标题
评估自残行为的发生率和时间分布之间的关系。
DOI：
10.1037/bar0000151
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Valdovinos,MariaG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Courtemanche,AndreaB;Piersma,DrewE;Valdovinos,MariaG
自我伤害行为(SIB)是一个独特的挑战，因为研究人员已经发现，一些SIB可能对治疗具有抵抗力。在这项研究中，分析单位通常是行为的频率，而对反应时间间关系的分析相对较少。我们评估了在存在和不存在系统操纵的环境变量的情况下，SIB比率的变化是否也与这种行为的时间分布的变化有关。这项研究包括3名被诊断为深度智力残疾的参与者，他们参与了由消极强化和自动强化维持的SIB。对于其中两名参与者，我们采用多基线设计来评估非偶然性接触偏好活动对SIB频率和时间分布的影响。对于第三个参与者，我们使用颠倒设计来评估改变日常作息时间(例如，参加或不参加工作)对SIB的比率和时间分布的影响。对于所有3名参与者，预先操作降低了SIB的发生率；然而，可操作的偶然值(时间分布的衡量标准)并没有相应地改变。这些数据表明，尽管之前的操作可能会降低行为的总体比率，但一旦SIB被释放，更多的实例可能会在时间上接近地发生。
Self-injurious behavior (SIB) presents unique challenges as researchers have identified that some SIB may be resistant to treatment. The unit of analysis in this research is often the frequency of behavior with relatively little attention devoted to the analysis of inter-response time relations. We assessed whether changes in the rate of SIB were also associated with changes in the temporal distribution of this behavior in the presence and absence of systematically manipulated environmental variables. This study included 3 participants diagnosed with profound intellectual disabilities who engaged in SIB maintained by both negative and automatic reinforcement. For 2 of the participants, we used a multiple baseline design across participants to assess the effects of noncontingent access to preferred activities on both the rate and temporal distribution of SIB. For the 3rd participant, we used a reversal design to assess the effects of a change in daily schedule (ie, attending or not attending work) on the rate and temporal distribution of SIB. For all 3 participants, antecedent manipulations decreased the rate of SIB; however, operant contingency values (a measure of temporal distribution) did not change in a corresponding fashion. These data suggest that although antecedent manipulations may decrease the overall rate of the behavior, once SIB is emitted, additional instances are likely to occur close together in time.