In-vitro oxidation of bisphenol A: Is bisphenol A catechol a suitable biomarker for human exposure to bisphenol A?
In-vitro oxidation of bisphenol A: Is bisphenol A catechol a suitable biomarker for human exposure to bisphenol A?
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DOI：
10.1007/s00216-010-4344-x
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Calafat, Antonia M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ye, Xiaoyun;Zhou, Xiaoliu;Calafat, Antonia M.
双酚A（BPA）在消费品制造中的广泛使用导致人类广泛接触该化学品。在体内，BPA经历首过代谢形成BPA葡萄糖醛酸苷，被认为是BPA的主要副产物。BPA的总（游离加结合）尿液物质的浓度用于评估人体对BPA的暴露。然而，由于BPA可能存在于许多消费品和家用产品中，因此在收集和处理过程中，当测量血液或尿液等生物样品中的BPA时，母体BPA的潜在污染可能会构成挑战。本研究采用在线固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法研究了BPA在大鼠和人肝微粒体中的体外I相代谢。例如，在一个实施例中，BPA氧化产物），可用作BPA暴露的潜在替代生物标志物。我们明确确定5-羟基BPA（BPA邻苯二酚）为BPA的体外氧化代谢产物，但人微粒体仅将约10%的BPA氧化为BPA邻苯二酚。我们通过测量20个尿液样本中BPA邻苯二酚和BPA的总浓度，评估了BPA邻苯二酚作为人类暴露于BPA的潜在生物标志物的有用性。我们检测到双酚A邻苯二酚在低得多的浓度和频率比BPA。此外，我们发现，游离双酚A邻苯二酚是相当不稳定的尿液，这突出了采样技术的重要性，充分解释的生物监测数据。总之，这些研究结果表明，双酚A邻苯二酚可能不是一个合适的生物标志物的环境暴露于双酚A，但可以用来确认双酚A暴露在特殊人群或在情况下，当尿液标本可能受到双酚A污染。
The extensive use of bisphenol A (BPA) in the manufacture of consumer products results in widespread human exposure to the chemical. In the body, BPA undergoes first-pass metabolism to form BPA glucuronide, considered to be a major BPA byproduct. Concentrations of total (free plus conjugated) urinary species of BPA are used to assess human exposure to BPA. However, because BPA can be present in numerous consumer and household products, potential contamination with parent BPA during collection and handling may pose a challenge when measuring BPA in such biological samples as blood or urine. In this study we investigated the in-vitro phase I metabolism of BPA in rat and human liver microsomes by using on-line solid-phase extraction-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify phase I metabolites (e. g., BPA oxidation products) that could be used as potential alternative biomarkers of BPA exposure. We unambiguously identified 5-hydroxy BPA (BPA catechol) as an in-vitro oxidative metabolite of BPA, but human microsomes oxidized only about 10% of BPA to BPA catechol. We evaluated the usefulness of BPA catechol as a potential biomarker of human exposure to BPA by measuring total concentrations of BPA catechol and BPA in 20 urine samples. We detected BPA catechol at much lower concentrations and frequency than those of BPA. Further-more, we found that free BPA catechol was rather unstable in urine, which highlights the importance of sampling techniques to adequate interpretation of biomonitoring data. Together, these findings suggest that BPA catechol may not be a suitable biomarker of environmental exposure to BPA, but could be used to confirm BPA exposure in special populations or in situations when urine specimens were potentially contaminated with BPA.