Walking, Cycling, and Obesity Rates in Europe, North America, and Australia
Walking, Cycling, and Obesity Rates in Europe, North America, and Australia
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DOI：
10.1123/jpah.5.6.795
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Crouter, Scott E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bassett, David R., Jr.;Pucher, John;Crouter, Scott E.
目的：本研究旨在探讨不同国家的主动交通（定义为步行、骑自行车和公共交通出行的百分比）与肥胖率（BMI >= 30 kg·m(-2)）之间的关系。方法：本研究采用了欧洲、北美和澳大利亚的全国旅行行为和健康指标调查；这些调查于 1994 年至 2006 年进行。在某些情况下，原始数据是从国家或联邦机构获得的，然后进行分析，而在其他情况下，摘要数据是从已发表的报告中获得的。结果：主动交通水平最高的国家通常肥胖率最低。 2000 年，欧洲人比美国居民步行更多（每人每年 382 公里，每人每年 140 公里），骑自行车更多（每人每年 188 公里，每人每年 40 公里）。讨论：步行和骑自行车在欧洲国家比在美国、澳大利亚和加拿大更为普遍。在这些国家，主动交通与肥胖呈负相关。尽管结果并未证明因果关系，但他们表明主动交通可能是解释肥胖率国际差异的因素之一。
Purpose: This study was designed to examine the relationship between active transportation (defined as the percentage of trips taken by walking, bicycling, and public transit) and obesity rates (BMI >= 30 kg . m(-2)) in different countries. Methods: National surveys of travel behavior and health indicators in Europe, North America, and Australia were used in this study; the surveys were conducted in 1994 to 2006. In some cases raw data were obtained from national or federal agencies and then analyzed, and in other cases summary data were obtained from published reports. Results: Countries with the highest levels of active transportation generally had the lowest obesity rates. Europeans walked more than United States residents (382 versus 140 km per person per year) and bicycled more (188 versus 40 km per person per year) in 2000. Discussion: Walking and bicycling are far more common in European countries than in the United States, Australia, and Canada. Active transportation is inversely related to obesity in these countries. Although the results do not prove causality, they suggest that active transportation could be one of the factors that explain international differences in obesity rates.