Allatostatin-type A, kisspeptin and galanin GPCRs and putative ligands as candidate regulatory factors of mantle function
Allatostatin-type A, kisspeptin and galanin GPCRs and putative ligands as candidate regulatory factors of mantle function
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.margen.2015.12.003
复制
发表时间：
2016-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Power, Deborah M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cardoso, Joao C. R.;Felix, Rute C.;Power, Deborah M.
Allatostatin-type A（AST-A）、kisspeptin（KISS）和galanin（GAL）G-蛋白偶联受体（GPCR）系统在节肢动物和脊椎动物中具有共同的祖先起源，它们调节代谢和繁殖。软体动物是动物界中第二大多样性的门，在系统发育中占有重要的地位，其基因组与后口动物的相似性高于节肢动物和线虫，是研究基因家族进化和功能的良好模型。本文就AST-A、KISS和GAL GPCR系统的进化及其在软体动物外套膜中的功能作一简要综述。通过鉴定软体动物基因组和组织转录组数据集中的同源物，并将其与其他后生动物系统进行比较，建立了目标GPCR系统的比较进化分析。对节肢动物的研究表明存在AST-A系统，但KISS和GAL系统的同源物丢失。在软体动物中发现了昆虫AST-AR和脊椎动物KISSR基因的同源物，但不存在假定的GALR基因。受体基因数表明，该家族成员在贝类辐射过程中经历了谱系特异性进化。在软体动物中，未鉴定出昆虫AST-A肽的直向同源物，但鉴定出结构相关的buccalin肽，并且是推定的受体激动剂。AST-AR和KISSR基因在软体动物中的鉴定加强了这样的假设，即在后生动物中AST-AR亚科的成员与KISSRs共享进化上的接近性。可变数量的受体和大库的buccalin肽可能是指示AST-AR/IGSSR系统在软体动物中的功能多样性。外套膜转录组中AST-A和KISS受体和配体的鉴定表明，在软体动物中，它们可能已经获得了一种新的功能，并可能在外壳发育或外套膜中的感觉检测中发挥作用。(C)2015 Elsevier B. V.版权所有。
Allatostatin-type A (AST-A), kisspeptin (KISS) and galanin (GAL) G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) systems share a common ancestral origin in arthropods and the vertebrates where they regulate metabolism and reproduction. The molluscs are the second most diverse phylum in the animal kingdom, they occupy an important phylogenetic position, and their genome is more similar to deuterostomes than the arthropods and nematodes and thus they are good models for studies of gene family evolution and function. This mini-review intends to extend the current knowledge about AST-A, KISS and GAL GPCR system evolution and their putative function in the mollusc mantle. Comparative evolutionary analysis of the target GPCR systems was established by identifying homologues in genomes and tissue transcriptome datasets available for molluscs and comparing them to those of other metazoan systems. Studies in arthropods have revealed the existence of the AST-A system but the loss of homologues of the KISS and GAL systems. Homologues of the insect AST-AR and vertebrate KISSR genes were found in molluscs but putative GALR genes were absent. Receptor gene number suggested that members of this family have suffered lineage specific evolution during the molluscan radiation. In molluscs, orthologues of the insect AST-A peptides were not identified but buccalin peptides that are structurally related were identified and are putative receptor agonists. The identification of AST-AR and KISSR genes in molluscs strengthens the hypotheses that in metazoans members of the AST-AR subfamily share evolutionary proximity with KISSRs. The variable number of receptors and large repertoire of buccalin peptides may be indicative of the functional diversity of the AST-AR/IGSSR systems in molluscs. The identification of AST-A and KISS receptors and ligands in the mantle transcriptome indicates that in molluscs they may have acquired a novel function and may play a role in shell development or sensory detection in the mantle. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.