Primate population dynamics over 32.9 years at Ngogo, Kibale National Park, Uganda
Primate population dynamics over 32.9 years at Ngogo, Kibale National Park, Uganda
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乌干达基巴莱国家公园 Ngogo 32.9 年来的灵长类动物种群动态
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
J. Mitani
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Johnson Ssekakubo George Ndiwalana Freddie Lwanga;T. Struhsaker;P. Struhsaker;T. Butynski;J. Mitani
本文对乌干达Kibale国家公园Ngogo同一样带的8种灵长类动物进行了32.9年的普查，揭示了灵长类动物群落组成的重大变化。与红疣猴种群估计下降89%相关的是与黑猩猩群体相遇率的增加。我们的数据，加上黑猩猩在Ngogo的红疣上异常高的捕食率，以及Ngogo黑猩猩群落是有史以来最大的事实，支持了红疣减少主要是由黑猩猩捕食引起的结论。这似乎是有记载的第一个由一种非人类灵长类动物的捕食导致另一种灵长类动物数量下降的案例。我们评估了疾病和种间竞争是导致红疣下降的其他可能原因，但认为与黑猩猩的捕食相比，它们相对微不足道。与其他灵长类物种相遇率的显著变化可能是由于森林扩张造成的。白眉猴、红尾猴和黑白疣猴的死亡率显著上升。奥尔赫斯特的猴子遭遇率也增加了，但目击率的增加可能是由于习惯化的增加。蓝猴和狒狒群的出现减少了。所有物种的相遇率没有显著变化。Ngogo灵长类群落似乎处于一种非平衡状态，从一个由两种物种（一种叶食性动物（红疣猴）和一种果食性杂食性动物（红疣猴））主导的群落，转变为一个由三种果食性杂食性动物（红疣猴、白眉猴和黑猩猩）主导的群落。这项研究证明了长期监测在了解种群动态和内在变量在形成群落物种组成中的作用方面的重要性。点。[j] .林业科学与技术，2011,33(3):997 - 1011。©2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc。
We present census data for eight primate species spanning 32.9 years along the same transect at Ngogo, Kibale National Park, Uganda, demonstrating major changes in the composition of the primate community. Correlated with an estimated decline of ∼89% in the red colobus population was an increase in encounter rates with chimpanzee parties. Our data, along with the unusually high rates of predation by chimpanzees on red colobus at Ngogo and the fact that the chimpanzee community at Ngogo is the largest ever recorded, support the conclusion that the red colobus decline was caused primarily by chimpanzee predation. This seems to be the first documented case of predation by one nonhuman primate causing the population decline in another. We evaluated disease and interspecific competition as other possible causes of the red colobus decline, but judged them to be relatively insignificant compared with predation by chimpanzees. Notable changes in encounter rates with other primate species may have resulted from forest expansion. Those for mangabeys, redtails, and black and white colobus increased significantly. Encounter rates increased for l'Hoest's monkeys too, but the increased sightings may have been an artifact of increased habituation. Sightings of blue monkey and baboon groups declined. There was no significant change in encounter rates for all species combined. The Ngogo primate community seemed to be in a nonequilibrium state, changing from one dominated by two species, a folivore (red colobus) and a frugivorous omnivore (redtails), to one dominated by three species of frugivorous omnivores (redtails, mangabeys, and chimpanzees). This study demonstrates the importance of long‐term monitoring in understanding population dynamics and the role of intrinsic variables in shaping the species composition of a community. Am. J. Primatol. 73:997–1011, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.