Earth‐Moon‐Mars Radiation Environment Module framework
Earth‐Moon‐Mars Radiation Environment Module framework
复制标题
地月火星辐射环境模块框架
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Squier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Schwadron;L. W. Townsend;K. Kozarev;M. Dayeh;Francis A. Cucinotta;Mihir Desai;M. Golightly;Donald M. Hassler;R. Hatcher;Myung;Arik Posner;M. PourArsalan;H. Spence;R. Squier
我们正在准备让人类重返月球，并为火星及其他地区的探索奠定基础。然而，目前还不清楚是否可以在可接受的风险下完成低地球轨道以外的长期任务。一个新的建模项目，地球-月球-火星辐射暴露模块（EMMREM）的中心目标是开发和验证一个数值模块，用于表征地球-月球-火星和行星际空间环境中随时间变化的辐射暴露。EMMREM正在被设计为供研究人员广泛使用，通过对来自行星际空间的几乎任何入射粒子分布进行积分来预测辐射暴露。我们在这里详细介绍了EMMREM模块的整体结构，并研究了2003年万圣节风暴事件和2004年6月事件的剂量历史。我们显示了在1 Au测量的事件历史和这些事件在观察者位置超过1 Au的演变。结果进行了比较，在1999年的观察。该模型使我们能够预测辐射环境如何随着与太阳的径向距离而演变。模型的比较还表明，我们需要改进对粒子传播和传播的物理学的理解，以更好地预测辐射环境。因此，我们介绍了一套EMMREM工具，这将被用来改善风险评估模型，使未来的人类探索任务可以充分规划。
We are preparing to return humans to the Moon and setting the stage for exploration to Mars and beyond. However, it is unclear if long missions outside of low‐Earth orbit can be accomplished with acceptable risk. The central objective of a new modeling project, the Earth‐Moon‐Mars Radiation Exposure Module (EMMREM), is to develop and validate a numerical module for characterizing time‐dependent radiation exposure in the Earth‐Moon‐Mars and interplanetary space environments. EMMREM is being designed for broad use by researchers to predict radiation exposure by integrating over almost any incident particle distribution from interplanetary space. We detail here the overall structure of the EMMREM module and study the dose histories of the 2003 Halloween storm event and a June 2004 event. We show both the event histories measured at 1 AU and the evolution of these events at observer locations beyond 1 AU. The results are compared to observations at Ulysses. The model allows us to predict how the radiation environment evolves with radial distance from the Sun. The model comparison also suggests areas in which our understanding of the physics of particle propagation and energization needs to be improved to better forecast the radiation environment. Thus, we introduce the suite of EMMREM tools, which will be used to improve risk assessment models so that future human exploration missions can be adequately planned for.