MOVING TO INEQUALITY: NEIGHBORHOOD EFFECTS AND EXPERIMENTS MEET STRUCTURE.
MOVING TO INEQUALITY: NEIGHBORHOOD EFFECTS AND EXPERIMENTS MEET STRUCTURE.
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DOI：
10.1086/589843
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发表时间：
2008-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Sampson RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sampson RJ
事实证明，转向机会（MTO）住房实验不仅对穷人的生活，而且对邻里效应的社会科学理论都是一项重要的干预措施。相互竞争的因果关系主张一直是相当大的分歧的主题，最终在 和 之间的争论达到顶峰。本文通过澄清邻里层面理论所提出的分析上不同的问题来评估这场辩论，将选择偏差重新概念化为一个本身就值得研究的基本社会过程，而不是一个统计上的麻烦，并重新考虑城市社会世界中的科学实验方法，以及因果关系。我还分析了来自芝加哥的 MTO 和独立调查数据，以研究居住成就的轨迹。尽管 MTO 为估计邻里对个人的影响提供了至关重要的杠杆，正如支持者正确声称的那样，但我展示了分层城市结构所带来的影响，以及 MTO 如何同时为集中不平等的社会再生产提供了一个新窗口。
The Moving to Opportunity (MTO) housing experiment has proven to be an important intervention not just in the lives of the poor, but in social science theories of neighborhood effects. Competing causal claims have been the subject of considerable disagreement, culminating in the debate between and. This paper assesses the debate by clarifying analytically distinct questions posed by neighborhood-level theories, reconceptualizing selection bias as a fundamental social process worthy of study in its own right rather than as a statistical nuisance, and reconsidering the scientific method of experimentation, and hence causality, in the social world of the city. I also analyze MTO and independent survey data from Chicago to examine trajectories of residential attainment. Although MTO provides crucial leverage for estimating neighborhood effects on individuals, as proponents rightly claim, I demonstrate the implications imposed by a stratified urban structure and how MTO simultaneously provides a new window on the social reproduction of concentrated inequality.