Seafloor observations indicate spatial separation of coseismic and postseismic slips in the 2011 Tohoku earthquake.
Seafloor observations indicate spatial separation of coseismic and postseismic slips in the 2011 Tohoku earthquake.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms13506
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发表时间：
2016-11-17
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Miura, Satoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iinuma, Takeshi;Hino, Ryota;Uchida, Naoki;Nakamura, Wataru;Kido, Motoyuki;Osada, Yukihito;Miura, Satoshi
在大的板间地震之后，通常会发生震后滑动，这被认为发生在同震破裂周围的地区。这种空间分离是从断层内部和周围摩擦和材料性质的差异来预期的。然而，尽管2011年东北地震使板块界面上的大片区域破裂，但由于缺乏海底大地测量数据，高分辨率滑动的估计通常是困难的。在这里，我们利用海底和陆地大地测量数据，通过应用综合有限元模型从观测到的震后位移中减去粘弹性分量，来研究震后滑移是否与同震滑移在空间上分离。高分辨率的同震和震后滑动分布清楚地阐明了空间分离，这也与板间地震和重复地震的活动相一致。这些结果表明，传统的摩擦特性模型对于巨震震源区是有效的。2011年日本东北地震的震后滑动发生在板块界面上，但由于缺乏海底数据，量化滑动一直是困难的。在这里，作者使用了海底和陆地数据，并表明同震和震后滑动区域在空间上是分开的。
Large interplate earthquakes are often followed by postseismic slip that is considered to occur in areas surrounding the coseismic ruptures. Such spatial separation is expected from the difference in frictional and material properties in and around the faults. However, even though the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake ruptured a vast area on the plate interface, the estimation of high-resolution slip is usually difficult because of the lack of seafloor geodetic data. Here using the seafloor and terrestrial geodetic data, we investigated the postseismic slip to examine whether it was spatially separated with the coseismic slip by applying a comprehensive finite-element method model to subtract the viscoelastic components from the observed postseismic displacements. The high-resolution co- and postseismic slip distributions clarified the spatial separation, which also agreed with the activities of interplate and repeating earthquakes. These findings suggest that the conventional frictional property model is valid for the source region of gigantic earthquakes. Postseismic slip of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake in Japan has occurred on the plate interface, but quantifying the slip has been difficult due to a lack of seafloor data. Here, the authors use seafloor and terrestrial data and show that areas of co- and postseismic slip are spatially separated.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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