Community Engagement in Children's Environmental Health Research
Community Engagement in Children's Environmental Health Research
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/msj.20231
复制
发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Manice, Melissa P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brenner, Barbara L.;Manice, Melissa P.
社区参与策略和技能可以建立信任，减少研究人员、社区和被研究人群之间的历史不信任，并有助于提高研究设计、方法和研究结果的传播质量。这篇综述文章讨论了为什么社区参与在儿童环境健康研究中变得越来越重要，描述了所使用的模型和方法的连续性，并讨论了它们的挑战和好处。描述了两个案例研究，代表了不同的研究设计和使用不同的社区参与模式和方法，以及从这些案例中吸取的教训。根据社区成员或社区人口代表参与研究计划、决策和传播的程度，最好地理解社区参与方法。这一连续体的方法包括社区咨询、基于社区的参与性研究和社区同意研究。社区参与知识和技能在儿童环境健康研究中尤其重要，因为它强调减少社区一级的环境风险，日益重视遗传学和基因-环境相互作用，并重视将科学成果转化为保护社区的行为和政策。在整个研究设计中，无论是定性调查研究、观察性流行病学研究还是随机干预试验，都需要了解社区利益、规范和价值观，以描述特定人口群体的态度和行为，建立环境暴露与健康之间因果关系的证据，并证明干预措施降低风险的有效性。西奈山医学杂志78：85-97,2011。(C)2011年西奈山医学院
Community engagement strategies and skills can build trust and reduce historical mistrust between researchers, communities, and populations being studied, as well as contribute to the quality of study designs, methods, and dissemination of findings. This review paper discusses why community engagement is of increasing importance in children's environmental health research, describes models and the continuum of methods that are used, and discusses their challenges and benefits. Two case studies, representing different study designs and using different community engagement models and methods, and lessons learned from these cases, are described. Community engagement methods are best understood on a continuum based on the degree to which community members or representatives of community populations are involved in research planning, decision-making, and dissemination. Methods along this continuum include community consultation, community-based participatory research, and community consent to research. Community engagement knowledge and skills are especially important in the conduct of children's environmental health research, with its emphasis on reducing environmental risks at the community level, the increasing focus on genetics and gene-environment interactions, and the importance placed on translation of scientific results into behaviors and policies that protect the community. Across study designs, whether qualitative survey research, an observational epidemiology study, or a randomized intervention trial, understanding community interests, norms, and values is necessary to describe attitudes and behaviors of specific population groups, build evidence of cause and effect between environmental exposures and health, and demonstrate the effectiveness of interventions to reduce risks. Mt Sinai J Med 78:85-97, 2011. (C) 2011 Mount Sinai School of Medicine