Tudor-domain containing proteins act to make the piRNA pathways more robust in Drosophila
Tudor-domain containing proteins act to make the piRNA pathways more robust in Drosophila
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DOI：
10.1080/19336934.2015.1128599
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发表时间：
2015-04
期刊：
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Kaoru Sato;Yuka W. Iwasaki;H. Siomi;M. Siomi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kaoru Sato;Yuka W. Iwasaki;H. Siomi;M. Siomi
PIWI相互作用rna （piRNAs）是动物性腺中富集的小非编码rna的一个子集，通过与PIWI蛋白组装形成有效的基因沉默RNP复合物（piriss）来抑制转座子。越来越多的证据表明pirna是通过三种相互依赖的途径产生的；新生主要途径，乒乓途径，和阶段性主要途径。果蝇卵巢的新生初级通路为两个PIWI成员PIWI和Aub产生初级pirna。然后，Aub启动乒乓通路，为AGO3产生二级pirna。ago2 -切片器依赖性切割随后产生Aub的次级pirna。ago3切片机活性的尾部产物被分阶段初级途径消耗，以增加piwi结合的piRNA数量。所有这些途径都由许多piRNA因子以高度协调的方式调节。最近的研究表明，两个含有都铎结构域的piRNA因子，Krimper （Krimp）和Qin/Kumo，在Aub-AGO3异型乒乓强健中起着至关重要的作用。这维持了装载在Piwi和Aub上的pirna水平，分别在转录和转录后水平有效地抑制转座子。
ABSTRACT PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), a subset of small non-coding RNAs enriched in animal gonads, repress transposons by assembling with PIWI proteins to form potent gene-silencing RNP complexes, piRISCs. Accumulating evidence suggests that piRNAs are produced through three interdependent pathways; the de novo primary pathway, the ping-pong pathway, and the phased primary pathway. The de novo primary pathway in Drosophila ovaries produces primary piRNAs for two PIWI members, Piwi and Aub. Aub then initiates the ping-pong pathway to produce secondary piRNAs for AGO3. AGO3-slicer dependent cleavage subsequently produces secondary piRNAs for Aub. Trailer products of AGO3-slicer activity are consumed by the phased primary pathway to increase the Piwi-bound piRNA population. All these pathways are regulated by a number of piRNA factors in a highly coordinated fashion. Recent studies show that two Tudor-domain containing piRNA factors, Krimper (Krimp) and Qin/Kumo, play crucial roles in making Aub-AGO3 heterotypic ping-pong robust. This maintains the levels of piRNAs loaded onto Piwi and Aub to efficiently repress transposons at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, respectively.