Agonistic and Sexual Display in Aquatic and Semi-Terrestrial Brachyuran Grabs
Agonistic and Sexual Display in Aquatic and Semi-Terrestrial Brachyuran Grabs
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水生和半陆生 Brachyuran 抓斗中的竞争和性展示
DOI：
10.1093/icb/8.3.641
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发表时间：
1968
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
H. Schöne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Schöne
研究人员对 9 个水生和半陆生科的 26 个属的蟹类之间的竞争和性相互作用中的交流行为模式进行了研究。调查包括文献综述和作者的观察。
水生科的物种，Dromiidae、Leucosiidae、Majidae、Parthenopidae、Cancridae、Portunidae 和 Xanthidae，大多与或多或少延长的螯足一起表现出竞争活动。遭遇通常会导致身体互动，例如猛击或用爪子抓握。然而，许多半陆生的螯足类和握足类动物都展示出弯曲的螯足，以盾牌状的方式向对手展示螯足的外侧。遭遇通常遵循一套正式的模式，只有偶尔才会导致“激烈的战斗”。
对于许多水生动物的性活动，雄性在交配期间将雌性捕获并保持或笼在其两腿之间数天。在许多半陆生的草类和食足类动物中，在竞争性遭遇以及交配的初始阶段，观察到螯足的上下展示模式。在其他形式中，螯足会在求偶时进行特殊的展示。
在水生生物的竞争和性活动中，螃蟹间的交流似乎主要依赖于触觉和可能的化学刺激。在已研究的半陆地形式中，通信机制主要基于光学信息。
Behavioral patterns of inter-crab communications as shown in agonistic and sexual interactions are investigated in 26 genera within 9 aquatic and semi-terrestrial families of brachyurans. The investigation includes a review of literature and the author's observations.
Species of the aquatic families, Dromiidae, Leucosiidae, Majidae, Parthenopidae, Cancridae, Portunidae, and Xanthidae, display agonistic activities mostly with more or less extended chelipeds. An encounter leads often to physical interactions, such as striking blows or grasping with chelae. Many of the semi-terrestrial ocypodids and grapsids, however, display with flexed chelipeds, showing the opponent the outer side of the chelae in a shield-like manner. Encounters usually follow a formalized set of patterns and only occasionally do they lead into a “wild fight”.
Concerning sexual activities in many aquatic forms, a male catches and holds or cages a female between its legs for several days during the mating period. In many semi-terrestrial grapsids and ocypodids, patterns of up-down display of chelipeds have been observed during agonistic encounters, as well as during initial stages of mating. In other forms a special display of chelipeds occurs in courtship.
In agonistic and sexual activities of aquatic forms intern-crab communication seems to depend mainly on tactile and possibly chemical stimuli. In the semi-terrestrial forms that have been investigated, mechanisms of communication are based predominantly on optical information.