Characteristics and Causes of Air Pollution in Lanzhou, China
Characteristics and Causes of Air Pollution in Lanzhou, China
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DOI：
10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.260-261.808
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发表时间：
2012-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Y. Ma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Ma
排名前20位的污染城市中有10个在中国，而兰州是这10个城市中最有名的。国外相关研究表明，城市空气污染造成的经济损失达到城市国民收入的3%。本文对2000-2008年的空气污染物、空气污染指数（简称API）和气象资料进行统计分析，结果表明：（1）兰州市空气污染指数（API）季节性变化明显，冬季高、夏季低。（2）首要空气污染物为颗粒污染物，2000-2008年共计3113天，空气质量优良天数仅有96天。 3.08%；其中重度污染168天，中度污染114天，轻度污染1106天。（3）首要污染颗粒物为可吸入颗粒物2928天，占94.06%。第二个污染是SO2，占2.97%。 （4）污染季节分布，重度污染和中度污染多发生在冬春季节。从季节变化来看，2000-2008年1月、3月、4月、12月四个月的重度污染天数占重度污染天数的78.6%。最严重污染天数和次污染天数主要发生在冬春季节，与冬季取暖和春季沙尘暴密切相关。雨天空气质量优良天数较多，表明污染物沉积或稀释效应降水明显。 (5)API与降水量、湿度、风速等气象因素有密切关系。
Ten of the top 20 polluted cities are in China, while Lanzhou is the most famous one in the ten. Relevant foreign researches show that urban air pollution generated economic losses reached the city of 3% of national income. In this paper, air pollutants, air pollution index (API for short) and meteorological data of 2000-2008 are analyzed using statistical methods and results show that: (1) Air pollution index (API) in Lanzhou shows an obvious seasonal change with high value in winter and low in summer.(2) Its primary air pollutants are particulate pollutants, in total 3113 days during 2000-2008, only 96days of air quality are good and taking 3.08%; there are severe polluted 168 days, moderate polluted 114 days and light polluted 1106 days.(3) Primary pollution particles of 2928 days are inhalable particles, accounting for 94.06%. Second pollution is SO2 and taking 2.97%. (4) Seasonal distribution of pollution, severe pollution and moderate pollution occurs mostly in winter and spring quarters. Seasonal variation shows the number of severe polluted days in the four months of Jan, March, April, and Dec account for 78.6% of total severe polluted days during 2000-2008. The most severe polluted and second polluted days mainly occurred in winter and spring, closely related with winter house heating and spring dust storm. The number of excellent air quality days is more in the rainy days, indicating that deposition of pollutants or the dilution effect precipitation is apparent. (5) There are close relationship between API and meteorological factor such as precipitation, humidity and wind speed.