The thyrotropin receptor and the regulation of thyrocyte function and growth.
The thyrotropin receptor and the regulation of thyrocyte function and growth.
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DOI：
10.1210/edrv-13-3-596
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发表时间：
1992-08
影响因子：
20.3
通讯作者：
G. Vassart;J. Parma;J. Sande;J. Dumont
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Vassart;J. Parma;J. Sande;J. Dumont
在经典生理学中，甲状腺的主要调节涉及垂体TSH的阳性控制。合成和分泌TSH的垂体促甲状腺细胞接受下丘脑TRH的强直刺激，并接受血浆T4在这些细胞中产生的T3的负反馈（1,2）。生理实验和病理情况证明了促甲状腺激素在甲状腺调节中的主导作用。垂体切除术，或用甲状腺激素治疗，在不干扰其他垂体功能的情况下降低血浆TSH水平，几乎消除了甲状腺功能，大大减少了腺体的重量和细胞质量。相反，慢性抑制甲状腺激素的合成，进而抑制其分泌，从而大大提高TSH血浆水平，促进甲状腺生长和碘代谢的上游抑制步骤。病理上，垂体腺瘤引起的甲亢血症可诱发甲状腺功能亢进和甲状腺肿。垂体机能减退……
I. Introduction IN classical physiology, the main regulation of the thyroid gland involves a positive control by pituitary TSH. The pituitary thyrotrophs that synthesize and secrete TSH are submitted to tonic stimulation by the hypothalamic TRH and to negative feedback by T3, which is generated in these cells from plasma T4 (1, 2). The predominant role of TSH in thyroid regulation is exemplified by physiological experiments and pathological situations. Hypophysectomy, or treatment with thyroid hormones that reduces plasma TSH levels without interfering with other pituitary functions, almost abolishes thyroid function and greatly reduces the weight and cell mass of the gland. Conversely, chronic inhibition of the synthesis of thyroid hormones, and thus of their secretion, which greatly enhances TSH plasma levels, enhances thyroid growth and iodine metabolism upstream from the inhibited step. In pathology, hyperthyrotropinemia caused by pituitary adenomas induces hyperthyroidism and goiter. Hypopituitarism ...