Dog breeds and body conformations with predisposition to osteosarcoma in the UK: a case-control study.
Dog breeds and body conformations with predisposition to osteosarcoma in the UK: a case-control study.
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DOI：
10.1186/s40575-021-00100-7
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发表时间：
2021-03-10
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
O'Neill DG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Edmunds GL;Smalley MJ;Beck S;Errington RJ;Gould S;Winter H;Brodbelt DC;O'Neill DG
骨肉瘤是一种侵略性和痛苦的骨肿瘤狗。以前的研究报告流行病学协会表明，大的体重，长骨长度和某些品种的遗传学，包括罗威纳犬与骨肉瘤的风险升高。然而，这些研究往往受到选择偏倚和混杂因素的限制，很少提供与骨肉瘤的品种相关的保护的见解。本研究包括1756例提交给VPG组织学（布里斯托，英国）的无骨肉瘤和轴骨肉瘤病例，与VetCompass™数据集中初级保健电子病历中无骨肉瘤的905，211只犬的对照人群进行比较。回顾性病例对照研究。多变量logistic回归分析探讨了人口统计学风险因素（包括品种、软骨营养不良、年龄、性别/中性状态、颅骨形状和体重）与所有解剖部位骨肉瘤之间的相关性。我们确定了几个品种增加和减少骨肉瘤的几率。风险最高的是罗威纳犬和大丹犬，与杂交犬相比，患骨肉瘤的几率是10倍以上，罗得西亚脊背犬在以前的骨肉瘤风险品种名单中没有出现，比值比为11.31（95%置信区间7.37-17.35）。患骨肉瘤风险最低的品种（受保护品种）包括比雄弗里斯、法国斗牛犬和骑士查理王猎犬，与杂交犬相比，所有品种的比值都小于0.30。体重与骨肉瘤风险密切相关;与体重小于10 kg的狗相比，体重超过40 kg的狗显示骨肉瘤的几率为45.44（95%置信区间33.74-61.20）。与非软骨营养不良品种相比，软骨营养不良品种的骨肉瘤优势比为0.13（95%置信区间0.11-0.16）。这项研究提供了强有力的证据与骨肉瘤的风险和保护，骨肉瘤发病机制的遗传基础。它强调了选择长腿/大体重的品种通常在风险品种中占主导地位，而那些选择短腿/小体重的品种通常受到保护。这些发现可以为遗传研究提供信息，以确定犬和人类的骨肉瘤风险等位基因;以及提高兽医和主人的认识，从而改善犬骨肉瘤的育种实践和临床管理。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1186/s40575-021-00100-7获得。
Osteosarcoma is an aggressive and painful bone neoplasm in dogs. Previous studies have reported epidemiological associations suggesting that large body mass, long bone length and the genetics of certain breeds including the Rottweiler are associated with elevated osteosarcoma risk. However, these studies were often limited by selection bias and confounding factors, and have rarely offered insights into breed-associated protection for osteosarcoma. The current study includes 1756 appendicular and axial osteosarcoma cases presenting to VPG Histology (Bristol, UK) compared against a control population of 905,211 dogs without osteosarcoma from primary care electronic patient records in the VetCompass™ dataset. Retrospective, case-control study. Multivariable logistic regression analysis explored associations between demographic risk factors (including breed, chondrodystrophy, age, sex/neuter status, skull-shape, and body mass) and osteosarcoma of all anatomical sites. We identified several breeds with increased and reduced odds of osteosarcoma. At highest risk were the Rottweiler and Great Dane, with > 10 times the odds of osteosarcoma compared with crossbreds, and the Rhodesian Ridgeback, which has not featured in previous lists of at-risk breeds for osteosarcoma, and had an odds ratio of 11.31 (95% confidence interval 7.37–17.35). Breeds at lowest risk of osteosarcoma (protected breeds) included the Bichon Frise, the French Bulldog and the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, all with odd ratios of less than 0.30 compared with crossbreds. Body mass was strongly associated with osteosarcoma risk; dogs over 40 kg exhibited osteosarcoma odds of 45.44 (95% confidence interval 33.74–61.20) compared with dogs less than 10 kg. Chondrodystrophic breeds had an osteosarcoma odds ratio of 0.13 (95% confidence interval 0.11–0.16) compared with non-chondrodystrophic breeds. This study provides evidence of strong breed-associated osteosarcoma risk and protection, suggesting a genetic basis for osteosarcoma pathogenesis. It highlights that breeds selected for long legs/large body mass are generally overrepresented amongst at-risk breeds, whilst those selected for short leg length/small body mass are generally protected. These findings could inform genetic studies to identify osteosarcoma risk alleles in canines and humans; as well as increasing awareness amongst veterinarians and owners, resulting in improved breeding practices and clinical management of osteosarcoma in dogs. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40575-021-00100-7.