Spin labels for cell surfaces
Spin labels for cell surfaces
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细胞表面的旋转标签
DOI：
10.1016/0014-5793(75)80448-0
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发表时间：
1975
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
A. Keith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Lepock;P. D. Morse;R. Mehlhorn;R. Hammerstedt;W. Snipes;A. Keith
我们描述了在膜外表面定位的自旋标签的使用。我们用酵母作为一个简单的真核细胞系统的例子。这些标记在探测各种囊泡和细胞制剂的表面时非常有用。大多数用于探测膜的自旋标签穿透整个膜系统，导致所有膜存在的平均信号。为了检测细胞表面上的许多相互作用或修饰，有必要使用这里描述的探针。这些探针提供了在膜表面或膜表面附近检测物理状态变化的机会。近年来，已经确定细胞表面是许多独特和重要事件的发生地点。病毒附着、抗原诱导的抗体形成、激素结合、凝集素识别、细胞识别和接触抑制都被认为是细胞表面事件。自旋标记作为膜结构和功能的探针已被广泛应用。大多数使用自旋标签的膜研究测量的信号反映了双分子层两半的平均值和给定系统中所有膜的更一般的平均值。自旋标记可能具有在介电区定位的特异性，例如一些甾醇[1]和脂肪烃标记[2]在膜界面附近，或者根据自旋标记脂肪酸[3]上的氮氧化物位置在双层中的不同深度。我们在这里描述的自旋标签仅局限于质膜的外表面。
We describe the use of spin labels that localize on the outer surfaces of membranes. We use yeast as an example of a simple eucaryotic cell system. These labels should be very useful in probing the surfaces of a variety of vesicle and cell preparations. Most spin labels designed to probe membranes penetrate throughout the membrane system resulting in an average signal of all membranes present. It is necessary to use such probes as the ones described here in order to detect many of the interactions or modifications that appear to be localized on the surfaces of cells. These probes offer the opportunity of detecting physical state changes on or near the membrane surface. In recent years it has been well established that the cell surface is the site of many unique and important events. Virus attachments, antigen-induced antibody formation, hormone binding, lectin recognition, cellcell recognition, and contact inhibition are all regarded as cell surface events.Spin labels have become widely used as probes of membrane structure anc, function. Most studies of membranes using spin labels measure a signal that reflects an average of both halves of the bilayer and a more general average of all membranes in a given system. Spin labels may have specificity for localizing in a dielectric zone, such as near the membrane interface for some sterol [1] and aliphatic hydrocarbon labels [2], or at differing depths in bilayers depending on the nitroxide position on spin label fatty acids [3]. The spin labels we describe here localize only on the outer surface of the plasma membrane.