Damage Caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami on the Southwestern Coast of Sri Lanka
Damage Caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami on the Southwestern Coast of Sri Lanka
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DOI：
10.1142/s0578563406001362
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发表时间：
2006-06
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
T. Tomita;F. Imamura;T. Arikawa;T. Yasuda;Y. Kawata
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Tomita;F. Imamura;T. Arikawa;T. Yasuda;Y. Kawata
2004年12月26日的印度洋海啸影响到距离震中1 700公里的斯里兰卡。在斯里兰卡西南海岸沿着进行了实地调查，以测量海啸痕迹高度，调查损失，并获得有关海啸的正确信息。现场调查结果显示，海啸在地震发生后两个半小时或更长时间抵达西南沿海。沿西南海岸的平均海啸高度为沿着5 m，局部发现海啸痕迹高度为10 m。海啸摧毁了一些木制和砖房，损坏了港口和海港设施以及沿海铁路，冲走了许多船只，并冲刷了沿海建筑物的地基。港口和港口设施，如防波堤，和刚性沿海房屋继续沿沿着减少了海啸，并减少了它所造成的损害。由于现场调查明确了海啸灾害发生在沿海陆地向内陆倾斜的地方，因此进行了水力学实验，以研究平坦和倾斜地面上的海啸洪水特性。实验结果表明，在实验条件下，斜底结构所受的压力至少是平底结构的2倍。
The Indian Ocean Tsunami on 26 December 2004 affected Sri Lanka, which is located 1,700 km from the epicenter. A field investigation was conducted along the southwest coast of Sri Lanka to measure tsunami trace heights, investigate the damage, and obtain correct information on the tsunami. The results of the field survey showed that the tsunami arrived on the southwest coasts two and a half hours or more after the earthquake. The average tsunami height was 5 m along the southwest coast and tsunami trace heights of 10 m were found locally. The tsunami destroyed a number of wooden and brick houses, damaged port and harbor facilities and coastal railways, washed away many vessels, and scoured the foundations of coastal structures. The port and harbor facilities such as the breakwaters, and rigid coastal houses continuing along the coast reduced the tsunami and lessened the damage that it caused. Hydraulic experiments were conducted to investigate the characteristics of tsunami flooding on flat or declining ground, since it was clarified by the field survey that the severer tsunami damage was caused at the place where the coastal land inclines inland. The experimental results show that the pressure acting on the structure on the sloping bottom was at least twice that of the flat bottom under the experimental conditions.