Medical Tourism: Between Entrepreneurship Opportunities and Bioethics Boundaries: Narrative Review Article
Medical Tourism: Between Entrepreneurship Opportunities and Bioethics Boundaries: Narrative Review Article
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医疗旅游：创业机会与生物伦理界限之间：叙事评论文章
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
A. Badulescu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Badulescu;A. Badulescu
摘要如今，医疗旅游在人员数量、收入和涉及跨境流动的国家数量方面都有令人印象深刻的增长。因此，本研究旨在澄清医疗旅游中的创业机会和生物伦理边界。对于旅游企业家来说，这些与医疗程序和旅游有关的外流成为一个不容忽视的机会，因此，在私营企业的基础上提供了与保健有关的广泛的旅游服务。然而，社会和经济界限无处不在（接收国（输入国）的保健服务受损，排放国（输出国）的保健系统危机，医疗和旅游服务消费过度），尤其是道德方面的考虑。将医疗服务转化为市场工具，将人的属性降低到可以买卖或谈判的商品地位，严重挑战了当代生命伦理学原则。这是对市场交易领域（本质上是不道德的）的一次重大进入，在这个领域，自由意志主义和消费者导向的态度主导着理性选择的范围。因此，旅游业为所有这些选择提供了一个有组织和舒适的框架，但许多问题仍然存在争议，如果国家卫生系统和国家及国际法规不确定其问题，并继续将医疗旅游留给市场机制，可能会恶化。市场将有效地分配资源，但并不总是以道德的方式。
Abstract Nowadays, medical tourism reports impressive growth in terms of number of persons, income and number of countries involved in cross-border flows. So this study was undertaken to clarify entrepreneurship opportunities and bio-ethics boundaries in medical tourism. For tourism entrepreneurs, these outgoing flows related to medical procedures and tourism become an opportunity that cannot be ignored, so a wide range of tourist services related to health care are provided on a private, entrepreneurial basis. However, social and economic boundaries are omnipresent (impaired health services in receiving (incoming) countries, the crisis of the health care systems in emitting (outgoing) countries, over-consumption of medical and tourism services), and, not least, ethical considerations. Transforming medical care in a market tool, reducing human attributes to the status of commodity that can be bought, sold or negotiated, seriously challenges contemporary bioethics principles. It is a significant entering in the area (which is essentially un-ethic) of market transactions, where libertarianism and consumer-oriented attitudes dominates the spectrum of rational choice. So tourism comes to provide an organized and comfortable framework for all these choices, but many issues still re-main controversial and may worsen if national health systems and national and international regulations would not identify their problems and would continue to leave medical tourism to market mechanisms. Market will efficiently allocate the resources, but not always in an ethical manner.