Browsing damage by roe deer on Norway spruce seedlings planted on clearcuts of different ages - 1. Effect of slash removal, vegetation development, and roe deer density
Browsing damage by roe deer on Norway spruce seedlings planted on clearcuts of different ages - 1. Effect of slash removal, vegetation development, and roe deer density
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DOI：
10.1016/s0378-1127(97)00297-1
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发表时间：
1998-06-15
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Orlander, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bergquist, J;Orlander, G
1993年5月，在瑞典南部的四个地点，对年龄从新鲜到4岁不等的皆伐地进行了为期两年的实地试验。试验的目的是研究皆伐年龄和清除剩余物（即，树枝、树枝和收获的树的顶部）对狍（Capreolus capreolus L.）在人工栽培的挪威云杉（Picea abies（L.）Karat）幼苗。植被的覆盖和高度，以及植物物种的数量迅速增加，在头两年砍伐后，此后这些变量继续增加，虽然速度较慢。毛草（Deshampsia flexuosa L.）覆盖了90%的植被毛状草的氮浓度在2年和3年生皆伐迹地中最高。在较老的皆伐地上，砍杀的高度较低。随着采伐年龄的增加，鹿密度增加。取食发生在冬季，1993-1994年取食率为31.2%，1994-1995年取食率为24.8%。在这两年的浏览损害往往是最高的一年的年龄皆伐，但效果没有统计学意义（p = 0.058）。破坏程度与其他年龄的皆伐地大致相同。浏览损害的水平不相关的数量或质量的相关植被，削减数量，或对皆伐的梅花鹿密度。(C)1998年Elsevier Science B.V.
A two-year long field experiment was established in May 1993, on clearcuts ranging in age from fresh to 4 years old at four sites in southern Sweden. The aim of the experiment was to study the effect of clearcut age and removal of slash (i.e., twigs, branches, and tops of harvested trees) on browsing damage by roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.) on planted Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karat) seedlings. The cover and height of the vegetation, as well as the number of plant species increased rapidly during the first two years after cutting, whereafter these variables continued to increase, although more slowly. Hairy grass (Deshampsia flexuosa L.) made up about 90% of the vegetation cover. The nitrogen concentration of hairy grass was highest in two-and three-year old clearcuts. The height of the slash was lower on older clearcuts. Roe deer density increased with clearcut age. Browsing occurred during winter and the frequency of browsed seedlings was 31.2% in the 1993-1994 period and 24.8% in the 1994-1995 period. During both years the browsing damage tended to be highest on the one-year old clearcuts, but the effect was not statistically significant (p = 0.058). The level of damage was about equal on the clearcuts of other ages. The level of browsing damage was not correlated with the quantity or quality of associated vegetation, slash quantity, or roe deer density on the clearcuts. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.