Prism adaptation and generalization during visually guided locomotor tasks
Prism adaptation and generalization during visually guided locomotor tasks
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.01040.2010
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Marigold, Daniel S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alexander, M. Scott;Flodin, Brent W. G.;Marigold, Daniel S.
亚历山大·MS，Flodin BW，Marigold DS。视觉引导运动任务中棱镜的适应性和泛化。神经生理学杂志106：860-871,2011。2011年5月25日首次出版；doi：10.1152/jn.01040.2010。-个人适应与日常生活中通常遇到的复杂环境相关的限制的能力对生存至关重要。在这里，我们测试了24名健康的年轻人在步行和迈向目标(即精确步进任务)或跨过障碍物(即避障任务)时适应向右棱柱移动(类似于11.3度)的能力。我们随后测试了对另一项运动任务的概括性。在精密步进任务中，我们从目标物中确定了脚部放置的横向终点误差。在避障任务中，我们测定了跨过障碍物前后的脚趾净空和脚掌侧向距离障碍物的距离。我们发现，在两个任务中，最初接触棱镜时，脚的放置位置都有很大的向右偏差。大多数措施在反复试验中表现出适应性，而适应率主要取决于任务。在移除棱镜时，我们观察到这两项任务的测量结果都是负面的。此外，我们还发现了一种单边对称的概括模式，即左侧而不是右侧的小腿表示对两个运动任务的概括。这些结果表明，在视觉要求高的运动任务中，神经系统能够快速适应视觉运动不匹配，并且棱镜诱导的适应至少部分可以在这些任务中推广。研究结果还支持神经系统利用内部模型控制视觉引导运动的观点。
Alexander MS, Flodin BW, Marigold DS. Prism adaptation and generalization during visually guided locomotor tasks. J Neurophysiol 106: 860-871, 2011. First published May 25, 2011; doi:10.1152/jn.01040.2010.-The ability of individuals to adapt locomotion to constraints associated with the complex environments normally encountered in everyday life is paramount for survival. Here, we tested the ability of 24 healthy young adults to adapt to a rightward prism shift (similar to 11.3 degrees) while either walking and stepping to targets (i.e., precision stepping task) or stepping over an obstacle (i.e., obstacle avoidance task). We subsequently tested for generalization to the other locomotor task. In the precision stepping task, we determined the lateral end-point error of foot placement from the targets. In the obstacle avoidance task, we determined toe clearance and lateral foot placement distance from the obstacle before and after stepping over the obstacle. We found large, rightward deviations in foot placement on initial exposure to prisms in both tasks. The majority of measures demonstrated adaptation over repeated trials, and adaptation rates were dependent mainly on the task. On removal of the prisms, we observed negative aftereffects for measures of both tasks. Additionally, we found a unilateral symmetric generalization pattern in that the left, but not the right, lower limb indicated generalization across the 2 locomotor tasks. These results indicate that the nervous system is capable of rapidly adapting to a visuomotor mismatch during visually demanding locomotor tasks and that the prism-induced adaptation can, at least partially, generalize across these tasks. The results also support the notion that the nervous system utilizes an internal model for the control of visually guided locomotion.